ArticleBMC infectious diseases2002
Detection of Pneumocystis DNA in samples from patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia--a case-control study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- DeterminingDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Transmission and Colonization ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Increased mRNA expression of key cytokines among suspected cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Performance of real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in real-world clinical practice.PloS one · 2020Article
- Molecular diagnosis and genotyping ofCurrent medical mycology · 2019Article
- Importance of tissue sampling, laboratory methods, and patient characteristics for detection of Pneumocystis in autopsied lungs of non-immunosuppressed individuals.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Review
- Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii by Quantitative PCR To Differentiate Colonization and Pneumonia in Immunocompromised HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Review
- Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Risks and Prophylaxis Recommendations.Clinical medicine insights. Circulatory, respiratory and pulmonary medicine · 2015Review
- Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization is associated with enhanced Th1 inflammatory gene expression in lungs of humans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Microbiology and immunology · 2014Article
- Sequencing and characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of three Pneumocystis species provide new insights into divergence between human and rodent Pneumocystis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2013Article
- Pneumocystis jirovecii infection: an emerging threat to patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2012Review
- Colonization by Pneumocystis jirovecii and its role in disease.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2012Review
- Improved detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in upper and lower respiratory tract specimens from children with suspected pneumocystis pneumonia using real-time PCR: a prospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2011Article
- Pneumocystis infection and the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Immunologic research · 2011Article
- Principles and applications of polymerase chain reaction in medical diagnostic fields: a review.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2009Article
- Review
- Clinical applications of molecular biology for infectious diseases.The Clinical biochemist. Reviews · 2006Article
- Pneumocystis colonization, airway inflammation, and pulmonary function decline in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Immunologic research · 2006Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumocystis jiroveci (formerly known as P. carinii f.sp. hominis) is an opportunistic fungus that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised individuals. Pneumocystis jiroveci can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To investigate the clinical importance of a positive Pneumocystis-PCR among HIV-uninfected patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia, a retrospective matched case-control study was conducted.
methodsRespiratory samples from 367 patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia were analysed by PCR amplification of Pneumocystis jiroveci. To compare clinical factors associated with carriage of P. jiroveci, a case-control study was done. For each PCR-positive case, four PCR-negative controls, randomly chosen from the PCR-negative patients, were matched on sex and date of birth.
resultsPneumocystis-DNA was detected in 16 (4.4%) of patients. The median age for PCR-positive patients was higher than PCR-negative patients (74 vs. 62 years, p = 0.011). PCR-positive cases had a higher rate of chronic or severe concomitant illness (15 (94%)) than controls (32 (50%)) (p = 0.004). Twelve (75%) of the 16 PCR positive patients had received corticosteroids, compared to 8 (13%) of the 64 PCR-negative controls (p < 0.001). Detection of Pneumocystis-DNA was associated with a worse prognosis: seven (44%) of patients with positive PCR died within one month compared to nine (14%) of the controls (p = 0.01). None of the nine PCR-positive patients who survived had developed PCP at one year of follow-up.
conclusionsOur data suggest that carriage of Pneumocystis jiroveci is associated with old age, concurrent disease and steroid treatment. PCR detection of P. jiroveci has low specificity for diagnosing PCP among patients without established immunodeficiency. Whether overt infection is involved in the poorer prognosis or merely reflects sub-clinical carriage is not clear. Further studies of P. jiroveci in patients receiving systemic treatment with corticosteroids are warranted.
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