ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Mycobacterium bovis BCG producing interleukin-18 increases antigen-specific gamma interferon production in mice.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- BCG therapy in bladder cancer and its tumor microenvironment interactions.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Recombinant BCG to Enhance Its Immunomodulatory Activities.Vaccines · 2022Review
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- Next-Generation Vaccines Based on Bacille Calmette-Guérin.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Manipulation of BCG vaccine: a double-edged sword.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016Review
- Applications of bacillus Calmette-Guerin and recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin in vaccine development and tumor immunotherapy.Expert review of vaccines · 2015Review
- Dendritic Cell Activity Driven by Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG Producing Human IL-18, in Healthy BCG Vaccinated Adults.Journal of immunology research · 2015Article
- IL-12 and IL-27 regulate the phagolysosomal pathway in mycobacteria-infected human macrophages.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2014Article
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- Th1 cytokine-secreting recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin and prospective use in immunotherapy of bladder cancer.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2011Review
- Assessment of immune response to repeat stimulation with BCG vaccine using in vitro PBMC model.Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines · 2010Article
- IL-18 does not increase allergic airway disease in mice when produced by BCG.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2007Article
- Immune responses to tuberculosis in developing countries: implications for new vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2005Review
- Controlling gene expression in mycobacteria with anhydrotetracycline and Tet repressor.Nucleic acids research · 2005Article
- A heterologous DNA priming-Mycobacterium bovis BCG boosting immunization strategy using mycobacterial Hsp70, Hsp65, and Apa antigens improves protection against tuberculosis in mice.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) expressing mouse IL-18 augments Th1 immunity and macrophage cytotoxicity.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2004Article
- [Immunology of tuberculosis: impact on the development of novel vaccines].Der Internist · 2003Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-12 play a critical role in the expression of cell-mediated immunity involved in host defense against intracellular pathogens. Both cytokines are produced by macrophages and act in synergy to induce gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production by T, B, and natural killer cells. In the present study, we analyzed both cellular and humoral responses upon infection with IL-18-secreting BCG of BALB/c and C3H/HeJ mice, two strains known to differ in their ability to support the growth of BCG. The cDNA encoding mature IL-18 was fused in frame with the alpha-antigen signal peptide-coding sequence, cloned downstream of the mycobacterial hsp60 promoter and expressed in BCG. IL-18 produced by the recombinant BCG strain was functional, as judged by NF-kappaB-mediated luciferase induction in a tissue culture assay. When susceptible mice were infected with IL-18-producing BCG, their splenocytes were found to produce higher amounts of Th1 cytokines after stimulation with mycobacterial antigens than the splenocytes of mice infected with the nonrecombinant BCG. This was most prominent for IFN-gamma, although the mycobacterial antigen-specific secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-10 was also augmented after infection with the recombinant BCG compared to infection with nonrecombinant BCG. In contrast, the immunoglobulin G levels in serum against mycobacterial antigens were lower when the mice were infected with IL-18-producing BCG compared to infection with nonrecombinant BCG. The IL-18 effect was delayed in BALB/c compared to C3H/HeJ mice. These results indicate that the production of IL-18 by recombinant BCG may enhance the immunomodulatory properties of BCG further toward a Th1 profile. This may be particularly useful for immunotherapeutic or prophylactic interventions in which a Th1 response is most desirable.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.