ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2002
Oral creatine supplementation and skeletal muscle metabolism in physical exercise.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does Creatine Supplementation Enhance Performance in Active Females? A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of phosphocreatine disodium salts plus blueberry extract supplementation on muscular strength, power, and endurance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Trial
- Creatine-electrolyte supplementation improves repeated sprint cycling performance: A double blind randomized control study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2018Trial
- Monitoring creatine and phosphocreatine by (13)C MR spectroscopic imaging during and after (13)C4 creatine loading: a feasibility study.Amino acids · 2016Trial
- Long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training in older women.European journal of applied physiology · 2013Trial
- Creatine supplementation and performance in 6 consecutive 60 meter sprints.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2004Trial
- Article
- Integrative metabolomics highlights gut microbiota metabolites as novel NAFLD-related candidate biomarkers in children.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Creatine supplementation and endurance performance: surges and sprints to win the race.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023Review
- Reprogramming alternative macrophage polarization by GATM-mediated endogenous creatine synthesis: A potential target for HDM-induced asthma treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A Convergent Functional Genomics Analysis to Identify Biological Regulators Mediating Effects of Creatine Supplementation.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Metabolic Basis of Creatine in Health and Disease: A Bioinformatics-Assisted Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Dietary Supplement and Food Contaminations and Their Implications for Doping Controls.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Creatine Supplementation Improves Phosphagen Energy Pathway During Supramaximal Effort, but Does Not Improve Anaerobic Capacity or Performance.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Safety of Creatine Supplementation in Active Adolescents and Youth: A Brief Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2018Review
- Performance Enhancing Diets and the PRISE Protocol to Optimize Athletic Performance.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2015Review
- Short-term creatine supplementation has no impact on upper-body anaerobic power in trained wrestlers.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2015Article
- Contribution of creatine to protein homeostasis in athletes after endurance and sprint running.European journal of nutrition · 2014Article
- A review of creatine supplementation in age-related diseases: more than a supplement for athletes.F1000Research · 2014Review
- The effects of training and creatine malate supplementation during preparation period on physical capacity and special fitness in judo contestants.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Creatine is the object of growing interest in the scientific literature. This is because of the widespread use of creatine by athletes, on the one hand, and to some promising results regarding its therapeutic potential in neuromuscular disease on the other. In fact, since the late 1900s, many studies have examined the effects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance. This article reviews the literature on creatine supplementation as an ergogenic aid, including some basic aspects relating to its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and side effects. The use of creatine supplements to increase muscle creatine content above approximately 20 mmol/kg dry muscle mass leads to improvements in high-intensity, intermittent high-intensity and even endurance exercise (mainly in nonweightbearing endurance activities). An effective supplementation scheme is a dosage of 20 g/day for 4-6 days, and 5 g/day thereafter. Based on recent pharmacokinetic data, new regimens of creatine supplementation could be used. Although there are opinion statements suggesting that creatine supplementation may be implicated in carcinogenesis, data to prove this effect are lacking, and indeed, several studies showing anticarcinogenic effects of creatine and its analogues have been published. There is a shortage of scientific evidence concerning the adverse effects following creatine supplementation in healthy individuals even with long-term dosage. Therefore, creatine may be considered as a widespread, effective and safe ergogenic aid.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.