ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2002
Developmental toxicity of a commercial herbicide mixture in mice: I. Effects on embryo implantation and litter size.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic evidence map on the association between exposure to personal care products and fetal growth.Environment international · 2026Pooled it
- Mind the Litter: The Critical Role of Intralitter Variables in Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Research.Birth defects research · 2026Review
- Urinary Organophosphate Metabolite Concentrations and Pregnancy Outcomes among Women Conceiving throughEnvironmental health perspectives · 2020Article
- Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake From Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology.JAMA internal medicine · 2018Article
- Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses.Endocrine reviews · 2012Review
- Sustainability, health and precautionary perspectives on lawn pesticides, and alternatives.EcoHealth · 2011Review
- Agrichemicals in surface water and birth defects in the United States.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2009Article
- Pesticide mixtures, endocrine disruption, and amphibian declines: are we underestimating the impact?Environmental health perspectives · 2006Article
- Pesticide assessment: Protecting public health on the home turf.Paediatrics & child health · 2006Article
- Chemical mixtures: considering the evolution of toxicology and chemical assessment.Environmental health perspectives · 2005Article
- Perils of paradigm: complexity, policy design, and the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2005Article
- Survivorship patterns of larval amphibians exposed to low concentrations of atrazine.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Article
- Low-dose agrochemicals and lawn-care pesticides induce developmental toxicity in murine preimplantation embryos.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Article
- Birth malformations and other adverse perinatal outcomes in four U.S. Wheat-producing states.Environmental health perspectives · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the developmental toxicity in mice of a common commercial formulation of herbicide containing a mixture of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), mecoprop, dicamba, and inactive ingredients. Pregnant mice were exposed to one of four different doses of the herbicide mixture diluted in their drinking water, either during preimplantation and organogenesis or only during organogenesis. Litter size, birth weight, and crown-rump length were determined at birth, and pups were allowed to lactate and grow without additional herbicide exposure so that they could be subjected to additional immune, endocrine, and behavioral studies, the results of which will be reported in a separate article. At weaning, dams were sacrificed, and the number of implantation sites was determined. The data, although apparently influenced by season, showed an inverted or U-shaped dose-response pattern for reduced litter size, with the low end of the dose range producing the greatest decrease in the number of live pups born. The decrease in litter size was associated with a decrease in the number of implantation sites, but only at very low and low environmentally relevant doses. Fetotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in weight and crown-rump length of the newborn pups or embryo resorption, was not significantly different in the herbicide-treated litters.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.