ArticleJournal of virology2002
Direct binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef to the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) cytoplasmic tail disrupts MHC-I trafficking.
Article in Journal of virology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- A viral ORFeome library for systems-level genetic dissection of host-pathogen interactions.Cell · 2026Article
- Nonclassical MHC-I Molecules: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Next-Generation Immunotherapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in HIV-1: The Role of Virus-Host Protein Interactions.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Intracellular trafficking of HLA-E and its regulation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- The Persistence of HIV Diversity, Transcription, and Nef Protein in Kaposi's Sarcoma Tumors during Antiretroviral Therapy.Viruses · 2022Article
- The ORF8 protein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates immune evasion through down-regulating MHC-Ι.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Nef Obtained from Individuals with HIV-1 Vary in Their Ability to Antagonize SERINC3- and SERINC5-Mediated HIV-1 Restriction.Viruses · 2021Article
- HIV-1 Nef counteracts autophagy restriction by enhancing the association between BECN1 and its inhibitor BCL2 in a PRKN-dependent manner.Autophagy · 2021Article
- HIV-1 Hijacking of Host ATPases and GTPases That Control Protein Trafficking.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Concanamycin A counteracts HIV-1 Nef to enhance immune clearance of infected primary cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Two Functional Variants of AP-1 Complexes Composed of either γ2 or γ1 Subunits Are Independently Required for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Downregulation by HIV-1 Nef.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Primary HIV-1 Strains Use Nef To Downmodulate HLA-E Surface Expression.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- HIV-1 Nef Antagonizes SERINC5 Restriction by Downregulation of SERINC5 via the Endosome/Lysosome System.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Resistance of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class B (MHC-B) to Nef-Mediated Downregulation Relative to that of MHC-A Is Conserved among Primate Lentiviruses and Influences Antiviral T Cell Responses in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Acute Viral Escape Selectively Impairs Nef-Mediated Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Downmodulation and Increases Susceptibility to Antiviral T Cells.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Relative Resistance of HLA-B to Downregulation by Naturally Occurring HIV-1 Nef Sequences.mBio · 2016Article
- Improving HIV proteome annotation: new features of BioAfrica HIV Proteomics Resource.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2016Article
- Optimized Replicating Renilla Luciferase Reporter HIV-1 Utilizing Novel Internal Ribosome Entry Site Elements for Native Nef Expression and Function.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Article
- A Distinctive Cytoplasmic Tail Contributes to Low Surface Expression and Intracellular Retention of the Patr-AL MHC Class I Molecule.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
- Nef promotes evasion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells from the CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of T-cell activation.The Journal of general virology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nef, an essential pathogenic determinant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1, has multiple functions that include disruption of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I) and CD4 and CD28 cell surface expression. The effects of Nef on MHC-I have been shown to protect infected cells from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte recognition by downmodulation of a subset of MHC-I (HLA-A and -B). The remaining HLA-C and -E molecules prevent recognition by natural killer (NK) cells, which would otherwise lyse cells expressing small amounts of MHC-I. Specific amino acid residues in the MHC-I cytoplasmic tail confer sensitivity to Nef, but their function is unknown. Here we show that purified Nef binds directly to the HLA-A2 cytoplasmic tail in vitro and that Nef forms complexes with MHC-I that can be isolated from human cells. The interaction between Nef and MHC-I appears to be weak, indicating that it may be transient or stabilized by other factors. Supporting the fact that these molecules interact in vivo, we found that Nef colocalizes with HLA-A2 molecules in a perinuclear distribution inside cells. In addition, we demonstrated that Nef fails to bind the HLA-E tail and also fails to bind HLA-A2 tails with deletions of amino acids necessary for MHC-I downmodulation. These data provide an explanation for differential downmodulation of MHC-I allotypes by Nef. In addition, they provide the first direct evidence indicating that Nef functions as an adaptor molecule able to link MHC-I to cellular trafficking proteins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.