Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12409348›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2002

Comparison of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine and human skin, milking equipment, and bovine milk by phage typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and binary typing.

R N Zadoks, W B van Leeuwen, D Kreft, L K Fox, H W Barkema, Y H Schukken, A van Belkum

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. JDS communications · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
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  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Staphylococcal mastitis in dairy cows.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
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  9. Ecological Distribution of Virulent Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Molecular Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Molecular Characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

R N ZadoksRuminant Health Unit, Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands. rz26@cornell.edu
W B van Leeuwen
D Kreft
L K Fox
H W Barkema
Y H Schukken
A van Belkum

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus isolates (n = 225) from bovine teat skin, human skin, milking equipment, and bovine milk were fingerprinted by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Strains were compared to assess the role of skin and milking equipment as sources of S. aureus mastitis. PFGE of SmaI-digested genomic DNA identified 24 main types and 17 subtypes among isolates from 43 herds and discriminated between isolates from bovine teat skin and milk. Earlier, phage typing (L. K. Fox, M. Gershmann, D. D. Hancock, and C. T. Hutton, Cornell Vet. 81:183-193, 1991) had failed to discriminate between isolates from skin and milk. Skin isolates from humans belonged to the same pulsotypes as skin isolates from cows. Milking equipment harbored strains from skin as well as strains from milk. We conclude that S. aureus strains from skin and from milk can both be transmitted via the milking machine, but that skin strains are not an important source of intramammary S. aureus infections in dairy cows. A subset of 142 isolates was characterized by binary typing with DNA probes developed for typing of human S. aureus. Typeability and overall concordance with epidemiological data were lower for binary typing than for PFGE while discriminatory powers were similar. Within several PFGE types, binary typing discriminated between main types and subtypes and between isolates from different herds or sources. Thus, binary typing is not suitable as replacement for PFGE but may be useful in combination with PFGE to refine strain differentiation.

Indexed as

Bacterial Typing TechniquesAnimalsBacteriophage TypingCattleDairyingDNA ProbesElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldFemaleHumansMammary Glands, AnimalMastitis, BovineMilkSkinStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus PhagesDNA Probes

Identifiers

PMID12409348
PMCPMC139627

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.