Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12379718›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2002

Protection against experimental Helicobacter pylori infection after immunization with inactivated H. pylori whole-cell vaccines.

S Raghavan, M Hjulström, J Holmgren, A-M Svennerholm

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Construction and evaluation of aFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Current state and challenges in developing oral vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2017
    Review
  7. Vaccine against Helicobacter pylori: Inevitable approach.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Anti-Helicobacter pylori Properties of GutGard™.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2013
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

S RaghavanDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Göteborg University Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Göteborg University, S 41346 Göteborg, Sweden.
M Hjulström
J Holmgren
A-M Svennerholm
University of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The protective effect of therapeutic oral immunization with homologous and heterologous formalin-inactivated Helicobacter pylori cells given together with cholera toxin as an adjuvant was evaluated with C57BL/6 mice infected with H. pylori Sydney strain 1 (SS1). The bacteria used for immunization were strains that were either homologous or heterologous with regard to the O antigen (i.e., the Lewis antigen [Le antigen]) expressed by the lipopolysaccharide of the infecting H. pylori SS1 strain. We found that repeated oral immunization with inactivated H. pylori SS1 cells can significantly inhibit an existing infection (P < 0.001) and that the protection induced by such therapeutic immunization extends to protection against reinfection (P < 0.001). A similar level of protection was also achieved by immunization with another inactivated H. pylori strain having the same O antigen (Le antigen) as the infecting H. pylori SS1 strain. In contrast, immunization with inactivated strains expressing a heterologous O antigen, Le(x), provided less protection or no protection. Immunization with H. pylori lysate preparations, on the other hand, resulted in significant comparable protection whether the lysates were prepared from an Le(x) strain or an Le(y) strain. Postimmunization gastritis was seen in mice that were protected after vaccination but not in unimmunized or unprotected mice. In conclusion, therapeutic immunization with inactivated H. pylori whole-cell vaccines may provide strong protection both against experimental H. pylori infection and against later reinfection.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesFemaleGastritisHelicobacter InfectionsHelicobacter pyloriImmunizationMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLVaccines, InactivatedAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesVaccines, Inactivated

Identifiers

PMID12379718
PMCPMC130438
OpenAlexW2068967189

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.