ArticleJournal of virology2002
Inhibition of HLA-DR assembly, transport, and loading by human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein US3: a novel mechanism for evading major histocompatibility complex class II antigen presentation.
Article in Journal of virology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Cytomegalovirus Antigen Presentation by HLA-DR+ NKG2C+ Adaptive NK Cells Specifically Activates Polyfunctional Effector Memory CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Immunoevasion strategies for African swine fever virus: Modulation of antigen presentation pathways.Virulence · 2025Review
- The immune response to human cytomegalovirus: impact of age, co-morbidities and the significance of anti-viral activity assessment.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- The Immunoregulatory Mechanisms of Human Cytomegalovirus from Primary Infection to Reactivation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The human cytomegalovirus-encoded pUS28 antagonizes CD4+ T cell recognition by targeting CIITA.eLife · 2025Article
- Is the vIL-10 Protein from Cytomegalovirus Associated with the Potential Development of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?Viruses · 2025Review
- Deletion of the Human Cytomegalovirus US2 to US11 Gene Family Members Impairs the Type-I Interferon Response.Viruses · 2025Article
- Human cytomegalovirus: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- KSHV infection of B cells primes protective T cell responses in humanized mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 NSP5 antagonizes MHC II expression by subverting histone deacetylase 2.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- Enhanced Immunomodulatory Effects of Thymosin-Alpha-1 in Combination with Polyanionic Carbosilane Dendrimers against HCMV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- VirusHound-I: prediction of viral proteins involved in the evasion of host adaptive immune response using the random forest algorithm and generative adversarial network for data augmentation.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Review
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus on the Immune System: Implications for Aging and Mental Health.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Article
- In-Depth Profiling of T-Cell Responsiveness to Commonly Recognized CMV Antigens in Older People Reveals Important Sex Differences.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Ectromelia-encoded virulence factor C15 specifically inhibits antigen presentation to CD4+ T cells post peptide loading.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Decreases Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II by Regulating Class II Transactivator Transcript Levels in a Myeloid Cell Line.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Identification of HCMV-derived T cell epitopes in seropositive individuals through viral deletion models.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2020Article
- Response to Huang et al. "Herpesviridae reactivation for poor outcome in ARDS patients with ECMO: criminal or witness?"Annals of intensive care · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) establishes persistent lifelong infections and replicates slowly. To withstand robust immunity, HCMV utilizes numerous immune evasion strategies. The HCMV gene cassette encoding US2 to US11 encodes four homologous glycoproteins, US2, US3, US6, and US11, that inhibit the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigen presentation pathway, probably inhibiting recognition by CD8(+) T lymphocytes. US2 also inhibits the MHC-II antigen presentation pathway, causing degradation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR-alpha and -DM-alpha and preventing recognition by CD4(+) T cells. We investigated the effects of seven of the US2 to US11 glycoproteins on the MHC-II pathway. Each of the glycoproteins was expressed by using replication-defective adenovirus vectors. In addition to US2, US3 inhibited recognition of antigen by CD4(+) T cells by a novel mechanism. US3 bound to class II alpha/beta complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), reducing their association with Ii. Class II molecules moved normally from the ER to the Golgi apparatus in US3-expressing cells but were not sorted efficiently to the class II loading compartment. As a consequence, formation of peptide-loaded class II complexes was reduced. We concluded that US3 and US2 can collaborate to inhibit class II-mediated presentation of endogenous HCMV antigens to CD4(+) T cells, allowing virus-infected cells to resist recognition by CD4(+) T cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.