ArticleThe American journal of pathology2002
Human cytomegalovirus-caused damage to placental trophoblasts mediated by immediate-early gene-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Natural hemozoin and β-hematin induce tissue damage and apoptosis in human placental explants.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Contributes to Inflammatory Pathology in the Placenta during Brucella abortus Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Article
- Maternal natural killer cells at the intersection between reproduction and mucosal immunity.Mucosal immunology · 2021Review
- The Role of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Review of the Potential Mechanisms.Viruses · 2020Review
- Differential Expression of PDGF Receptor-α in Human Placental Trophoblasts Leads to Different Entry Pathways by Human Cytomegalovirus Strains.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Enhances Placental Susceptibility and Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), Which May Facilitate In Utero HIV-1 Transmission.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of viral infection in the human placenta.Pathogens and disease · 2017Review
- Human cytomegalovirus infection interferes with the maintenance and differentiation of trophoblast progenitor cells of the human placenta.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus miR-UL112-3p Targets TLR2 and Modulates the TLR2/IRAK1/NFκB Signaling Pathway.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Models of vertical cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission and pathogenesis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2014Review
- Human placental trophoblasts confer viral resistance to recipient cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Article
- Human cytomegalovirus stimulates monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation via the temporal regulation of caspase 3.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Midtrimester amniotic fluid concentrations of interleukin-6 and interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10: evidence for heterogeneity of intra-amniotic inflammation and associations with spontaneous early (<32 weeks) and late (>32 weeks) preterm delivery.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2012Article
- RNA interference-mediated targeting of human cytomegalovirus immediate-early or early gene products inhibits viral replication with differential effects on cellular functions.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Human cytomegalovirus is protected from inactivation by reversible binding to villous trophoblasts.Biology of reproduction · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infection of the fetal epithelium (trophoblast) lining the villous placenta by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) accompanies placental inflammations and fetal intrauterine growth restriction. However, the consequences of infection on the villous trophoblast have not been explored. We show that HCMV infection of primary immature (cytotrophoblast-like) or mature (syncytiotrophoblast-like) cultures results in loss of half of the cells within 24 hours of virus challenge. Two-color immunofluorescence of HCMV immediate early (IE) gene expression and apoptosis (terminal dUTP nick-end labeling) revealed apoptosis only in uninfected cells. Antibody to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha completely inhibited infection-induced trophoblast apoptosis and cell loss, as did co-incubation with epidermal growth factor, known to inhibit trophoblast apoptosis. Transfection with HCMV immediate early- (IE)1-72 and IE2-86, but not IE2-55, expression plasmids induced paracrine trophoblast apoptosis inhibitable by epidermal growth factor or antibody to TNF-alpha. These results show that HCMV infection of villous trophoblasts leads to rapid loss of neighboring cells mediated by viral IE protein-induced TNF-alpha secretion. We propose that HCMV infection damages the placental trophoblast barrier by accelerating trophoblast turnover and decreasing its capacity for renewal.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.