ArticleThe American journal of pathology2002
Direct evidence for interferon-gamma production by effector-memory-type intraepidermal T cells residing at an effector site of immunopathology in fixed drug eruption.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delayed Drug Hypersensitivity: Mechanistic Advances and Emerging Therapies.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Human epidermal resident memory T cells: beyond the dermal perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A Successful Outcome of Upadacitinib Therapy in a Patient with Genital Erosive Fixed Drug Eruption: A Case Report.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Fixed drug eruption induced by Etoricoxib in Thailand: A case report.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Tissue-resident memory T cells and their function in skin diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Mechanisms Underlying Lichen Planus in Association with Biologic Therapy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Article
- Tissue-resident B cells orchestrate macrophage polarisation and function.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Functional heterogeneity of human skin-resident memory T cells in health and disease.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- HIV-Associated Immune Dysregulation in the Skin: A Crucible for Exaggerated Inflammation and Hypersensitivity.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2023Review
- Skin infiltrating T-cell profile of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) reactions among HIV-infected patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Joint-Specific Memory and Sustained Risk for New Joint Accumulation in Autoimmune Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- A review of hypersensitivity methods to detect immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.Methods in microbiology · 2022Article
- Malignant and Benign T Cells Constituting Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Arthritis flares mediated by tissue-resident memory T cells in the joint.Cell reports · 2021Article
- A Review of Fixed Drug Eruption with a Special Focus on Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
- Skin-Resident Memory T Cells: Pathogenesis and Implication for the Treatment of Psoriasis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- The Initial Stage of Neutrophilic Dermatosis of the Dorsal Hands: A Case Report and Discussion of Differential Diagnoses.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2021Article
- Galcanezumab-induced fixed drug eruption.JAAD case reports · 2021Article
- Skin Resident Memory T Cells May Play Critical Role in Delayed-Type Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Effector-memory T cells are strategically placed to epithelial tissues to provide frontline immune protection against pathogens. Their detrimental effects, however, have been rarely examined because of difficulty in sampling these T cells in pathological settings. Our previous studies suggested persistence of a similar subset of intraepidermal CD8(+) T cells at high frequencies in the lesions of fixed drug eruption, a localized variant of drug-induced dermatoses. In situ activation of this subset resulting in localized epidermal injury can be traced in the lesions after antigen challenge by paired immunohistochemical staining, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in situ, and flow cytometry of dispersed cells. Here we show that effector-memory T cells were greatly enriched in these intraepidermal CD8(+) T cells, but not dermal and circulating counterparts, and that they constitutively express an early activation marker CD69 even before challenge. Surprisingly, a large proportion of these T cells expressed immediate effector function as evidenced by the rapid production of high levels of interferon-gamma in situ with much faster kinetics than their counterparts at the mRNA and protein levels after challenge. This was followed by localized epidermal injury. The intracellular cytokine assay ex vivo shows that the great majority of these dispersed T cells produce interferon-gamma. This study provides the first in situ description of the detrimental effects specifically mediated by effector-memory T cells residing at the effector site of immunopathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.