ArticleJAMA2002
Trends and correlates of class 3 obesity in the United States from 1990 through 2000.
Article in JAMA, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02381704 (Cost Analysis of Bariatric Surgery in an Employee-based Healthcare System), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cost Analysis of Bariatric Surgery in an Employee-based Healthcare System
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Obesity surgery: evidence-based guidelines of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES).Surgical endoscopy · 2005Guideline
- Home mechanical ventilation: a Canadian Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline.Canadian respiratory journalGuideline
- Arterial stiffness, lifestyle intervention and a low-calorie diet in morbidly obese patients-a nonrandomized clinical trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2013Trial
- Implantable gastric stimulator does not prevent the increase in plasma ghrelin levels that occurs with weight loss.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2011Trial
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophageal motility in morbidly obese patients submitted to laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding or laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty.Surgical endoscopy · 2011Trial
- Baseline characteristics of the randomised cohort from the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study.Diabetes & vascular disease research · 2006Trial
- "What are the yanks doing?" the U.S. experience with implantable gastric stimulation (IGS) for the treatment of obesity - update on the ongoing clinical trials.Obesity surgery · 2004Trial
- Trends in obesity and heart failure-related mortality in middle-aged and young adult populations of the united states, 1999-2022.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Justification of Body Mass Index cutoffs for hip and knee joint arthroplasty among California orthopedic surgeons.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- A chronic high-fat diet does not exacerbate muscle atrophy in fast-twitch skeletal muscle of aged mice.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
- Associations of Blood Caffeine and Genetically Predicted Coffee Consumption with Anthropometric Measures of Obesity: A Two Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Article
- Association Between Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and the Ratio of Subcutaneous Fat Area to Visceral Fat Area in Patients Who Have Undergone Multidetector Row Computed Tomography.Circulation reports · 2021Article
- Improvement of left ventricular systolic function in morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery: Case report.Medicine · 2021Article
- Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Combined With Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Further Increases Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Chinese Pregnant Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Influence of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes on Calcium Handling by Skeletal Muscle: Spotlight on the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- [Deterioration of gas exchange in subjects with an increase in body mass index at an altitude of 2,240 meters above sea level].Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2021Article
- Use of Small-Area Estimates to Describe County-Level Geographic Variation in Prevalence of Extreme Obesity Among US Adults.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- A chronic high-fat diet exacerbates contractile dysfunction with impaired intracellular CaJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Article
- Article
- Use of Social Media, Search Queries, and Demographic Data to Assess Obesity Prevalence in the United States.Palgrave communications · 2019Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAlthough the prevalence of obesity has markedly increased among US adults, health risks vary according to the severity of obesity. Persons with class 3 obesity (body mass index [BMI] > or = 40) are at greatest risk, but there is little information about this subgroup.
objectiveTo examine correlates of class 3 obesity and secular trends. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsAdults (aged > or = 18 years) in the United States who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey between 1990 (75,600 persons) and 2000 (164,250 persons).
main outcome measureBody mass index calculated from self-reported weight and height.
resultsThe prevalence of class 3 obesity increased from 0.78% (1990) to 2.2% (2000). In 2000, class 3 obesity was highest among black women (6.0%), persons who had not completed high school (3.4%), and persons who are short. During the 11-year period, the median BMI level increased by 1.2 units and the 95th percentile increased by 3.2 units.
conclusionThe prevalence of class 3 obesity is increasing rapidly among adults. Because these extreme BMI levels are associated with the most severe health complications, the incidence of various diseases will increase substantially in the future.
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