Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12353460›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique

Bicycle helmet-wearing variation and associated factors in Ontario teenagers and adults.

Andrew Irvine, Brian H Rowe, Vic Sahai

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Factors associated with bicycle helmet use among young adolescents in a multinational sample.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2005
    Article
  3. Quantifying the iceberg effect for injury: using comprehensive community health data.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Andrew IrvineNorthern Health Information Partnership, 199 Larch Street, Suite 1104, Sudbury, ON P3E 5P9.
Brian H Rowe
Vic Sahai

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe incidence of bicycle helmet use and the factors associated with helmet use in Ontario are presented in this study. The Ontario Health Survey (1996), a population-based survey of Ontario residents, was used as the data source.

methodsAs the factors associated with helmet use were found to differ between adults and teens, a separate analysis was performed for each age grouping. A logistic regression model (with Bootstrap confidence intervals--95%) was used and adjusted odds ratios (OR) are reported.

resultsOf the 7,693 respondents, 41.1% reported wearing their helmets on a regular basis when riding a bicycle. Helmet use was greatest among 12-14 year olds (71.7%) and lowest among those 15-18 years old (33.3%). In teenagers, drinking alcohol (OR: 2.8) and smoking (OR: 4.4) were strongly associated with helmet non-use. In the adult group, female gender (OR: 1.26), higher income (OR: 1.43), higher education (OR: 1.68), nonsmoking status (OR: 2.0) and abstinence from alcohol (1.27) were associated with helmet use. Living in a rural area was also associated with helmet use in the multi-variable analysis.

conclusionThis study indicates that bicycle helmet non-use is a multifaceted problem and thus any strategy for increasing helmet-wearing rates requires multi-dimensional interventions. The results of this study are discussed within the context of other studies and related to their public health implications.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultBicyclingChildFemaleHead Protective DevicesHumansLogistic ModelsMaleOntarioPublic HealthSafety

Identifiers

PMID12353460
PMCPMC6979763

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.