Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12242173›Full record

SynthesisBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2002

Systematic review of long term effects of advice to reduce dietary salt in adults.

Lee Hooper, Christopher Bartlett, George Davey Smith, Shah Ebrahim

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05716386 (The Effect of Low Salt Diet on CKD Progression), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
16.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05716386 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Low Salt Diet on CKD Progression:A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorBangkok Metropolitan Administration Medical College and Vajira HospitalRan2023 to 2023Enrolled200ConditionsCKD Progression, Blood Pressure, ProteinuriaArmsLow salt diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 302 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Altered dietary salt intake for people with chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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  10. Advice to reduce dietary salt for prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004
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26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lee HooperMANDEC, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Manchester M15 6FH. lee.hooper@man.ac.uk
Christopher Bartlett
George Davey Smith
Shah Ebrahim
University of Bristol · GBUniversity Dental Hospital of Manchester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the long term effects of advice to restrict dietary sodium in adults with and without hypertension.

designSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, and bibliographies. STUDY SELECTION: Unconfounded randomised trials that aimed to reduce sodium intake in healthy adults over at least 6 months. Inclusion decisions, validity and data extraction were duplicated. Random effects meta-analysis, subgrouping, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were performed. OUTCOMES: Mortality, cardiovascular events, blood pressure, urinary sodium excretion, quality of life, and use of antihypertensive drugs.

resultsThree trials in normotensive people (n=2326), five trials in those with untreated hypertension (n=387), and three trials in people being treated for hypertension (n=801) were included, with follow up from six months to seven years. The large high quality (and therefore most informative) studies used intensive behavioural interventions. Deaths and cardiovascular events were inconsistently defined and reported. There were 17 deaths, equally distributed between intervention and control groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced (systolic by 1.1 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 0.4 mm Hg; diastolic by 0.6 mm Hg, 1.5 to -0.3 mm Hg) at 13 to 60 months, as was urinary 24 hour sodium excretion (by 35.5 mmol/24 hours, 47.2 to 23.9). Degree of reduction in sodium intake and change in blood pressure were not related.

conclusionsIntensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only small reductions in blood pressure and sodium excretion, and effects on deaths and cardiovascular events are unclear. Advice to reduce sodium intake may help people on antihypertensive drugs to stop their medication while maintaining good blood pressure control.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesCounselingFemaleHealth PromotionHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSodiumSodium Chloride, DietarySodiumSodium Chloride, Dietary

Identifiers

PMID12242173
PMCPMC126303
OpenAlexW2137131631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.