ArticlePlant physiology2002
Patterns of expression and normalized levels of the five Arabidopsis phytochromes.
Article in Plant physiology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.
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Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 292 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transgenic phytochrome D cooperates with phytochrome B to promote photomorphogenesis at low temperatures.Plant cell reports · 2026Article
- Holistic overview of regulatory networks governing seed dormancy and germination in plants.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Identification and Characterization of a Red-Light Sensor FphA inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- A circadian morning complex modulates far-red light signaling in Arabidopsis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Application of 4-CPA or ethanol enhances plant growth and fruit quality of phyA mutant under heat stress.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Contrasting interactions between photon spectra and temperature in cold-sensitive basil and cold-tolerant lettuce.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Liquid-liquid phase separation of TZP promotes PPK-mediated phosphorylation of the phytochrome A photoreceptor.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Light controls mesophyll-specific post-transcriptional splicing of photoregulatory genes by AtPRMT5.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Root-specific photoreception directs early root development by HY5-regulated ROS balance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Reconstitution of phytochrome A-mediated light modulation of the ABA signaling pathways in yeast.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Bilirubin is produced nonenzymatically in plants to maintain chloroplast redox status.Science advances · 2023Article
- Influence of aPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Global Analysis of Dark- and Heat-Regulated Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Regulation of Plant Photoresponses by Protein Kinase Activity of Phytochrome A.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Plants Utilize Suberin Biopolymers as a Vector for Transmitting Visible Light through Their Roots.Polymers · 2022Article
- Phytochrome B enhances seed germination tolerance to high temperature by reducing S-nitrosylation of HFR1.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- TIME FOR COFFEE regulates phytochrome A-mediated hypocotyl growth through dawn-phased signaling.The Plant cell · 2022Article
- Effects of different photoperiods on flower opening, flower closing and circadian expression of clock-related genes in Iris domestica and I. dichotoma.Journal of plant research · 2022Article
- Mutual upregulation of HY5 and TZP in mediating phytochrome A signaling.The Plant cell · 2022Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Using monoclonal antibodies specific for each apoprotein and full-length purified apoprotein standards, the levels of the five Arabidopsis phytochromes and their patterns of expression in seedlings and mature plants and under different light conditions have been characterized. Phytochrome levels are normalized to the DNA content of the various tissue extracts to approximate normalization to the number of cells in the tissue. One phytochrome, phytochrome A, is highly light labile. The other four phytochromes are much more light stable, although among these, phytochromes B and C are reduced 4- to 5-fold in red- or white-light-grown seedlings compared with dark-grown seedlings. The total amount of extractable phytochrome is 23-fold lower in light-grown than dark-grown tissues, and the percent ratios of the five phytochromes, A:B:C:D:E, are measured as 85:10:2:1.5:1.5 in etiolated seedlings and 5:40:15:15:25 in seedlings grown in continuous white light. The four light-stable phytochromes are present at nearly unchanging levels throughout the course of development of mature rosette and reproductive-stage plants and are present in leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Phytochrome protein expression patterns over the course of seed germination and under diurnal and circadian light cycles are also characterized. Little cycling in response to photoperiod is observed, and this very low amplitude cycling of some phytochrome proteins is out of phase with previously reported cycling of PHY mRNA levels. These studies indicate that, with the exception of phytochrome A, the family of phytochrome photoreceptors in Arabidopsis constitutes a quite stable and very broadly distributed array of sensory molecules.
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