ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2002
Inhibition of amyloid-beta aggregation and caspase-3 activation by the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03004508 (Antioxidant Effect of Treatment With Ginkgo Biloba L. Leaf Extract), which is not on this map. Cited by 120 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antioxidant Effect of Treatment With Ginkgo Biloba L. Leaf Extract (IDN 5933) on DNA Cell Maintenance and Genomic Stability: A Randomised Study Versus Placebo
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of dementia and mild cognitive impairment with or without cerebrovascular disease: Expert consensus on the use of Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2019Guideline
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical and genomic safety of treatment with Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extract (IDN 5933/Ginkgoselect®Plus) in elderly: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial [GiBiEx].BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 on neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: findings from a randomised controlled trial.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2007Trial
- Efficacy of EGb 761Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-facialeTrial
- Associations of Ginkgo biloba extract exposure with 12-month cognitive trajectories in amyloid PET-positive mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a pooled retrospective cohort study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Neuronal YTHDF2 suppresses innate immune activation in Aβ pathology by promoting mScience advances · 2026Article
- Biflavonoids can Potentially Inhibit Amyloid Beta Internalization to Mitigate Its Cytotoxic Events.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Differential autophagy cargo engagement in amyloid-β-induced neuronal toxicity.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Inhibition of cytotoxic fibrillation of human insulin using silver nanoparticles capped by aqueous extract of Echium amoenum.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- RoastedAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antioxidant Activity of Different Phenolic-Rich Fractions Obtained From Peels of Turkish Dark Purple Eggplant.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Plant-Based Inhibitors of Protein Aggregation.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Neuroprotective Effect of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Efficacy ofFrontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Efficacy ofFrontiers in neurology · 2025Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Standardized extract from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, labeled EGb761, has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain functions, particularly in connection with age-related dementias and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Substantial experimental evidence indicates that EGb761 protects against neuronal damage from a variety of insults, but its cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Using a neuroblastoma cell line stably expressing an AD-associated double mutation, we report that EGb761 inhibits formation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) fibrils, which are the diagnostic, and possibly causative, feature of AD. The decreased Abeta fibrillogenesis in the presence of EGb761 was observed both in the conditioned medium of this Abeta-secreting cell line and in solution in vitro. In the cells, EGb761 significantly attenuated mitochondrion-initiated apoptosis and decreased the activity of caspase 3, a key enzyme in the apoptosis cell-signaling cascade. These results suggest that (i) neuronal damage in AD might be due to two factors: a direct Abeta toxicity and the apoptosis initiated by the mitochondria; and (ii) multiple cellular and molecular neuroprotective mechanisms, including attenuation of apoptosis and direct inhibition of Abeta aggregation, underlie the neuroprotective effects of EGb761.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.