ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2002
Infections and solid organ transplant rejection: a cause-and-effect relationship?
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 56 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytomegalovirus infection contributes to acute rejection in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and Safety of the Adjuvanted Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Chronically Immunosuppressed Adults Following Renal Transplant: A Phase 3, Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Induction of cytomegalovirus-specific T cell responses in healthy volunteers and allogeneic stem cell recipients using vaccination with messenger RNA-transfected dendritic cells.Transplantation · 2015Trial
- Increased risk of corneal transplant rejection following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Transplant centers' prophylaxis and monitoring strategies: a key determinant of current herpes and polyomavirus incidences - results from the DZIF kidney transplant cohort.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Sequential Vaccination AgainstVaccines · 2024Article
- Current and emerging tools for simultaneous assessment of infection and rejection risk in transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Allorecognition Unveiled: Integrating Recent Breakthroughs Into the Current Paradigm.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- COVID‑19 vaccination in liver transplant recipients (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Nutritional Strategies to Manage Malnutrition and Sarcopenia following Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Baricitinib with cyclosporine eliminates acute graft rejection in fully mismatched skin and heart transplant models.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Correlation of Fc Receptor Polymorphisms with Pneumococcal Antibodies in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Lymphocytic Airway Inflammation in Lung Allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Cardiac allograft vasculopathy: current review and future research directions.Cardiovascular research · 2021Review
- Recovery of kidney function after AKI because of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2021Observational
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Patients With CKD.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
- Magnitude of Off-Target Allo-HLA Reactivity by Third-Party Donor-Derived Virus-Specific T Cells Is Dictated by HLA-Restriction.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Purpura-free small intestinal IgA vasculitis complicated by cytomegalovirus reactivation.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
- Impact of infection on transplantation tolerance.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although evidence is far from being conclusive, several studies have suggested that infections could trigger rejection in different transplant settings. In this review we examine the evidence linking cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, enterovirus, parvovirus, and herpes simplex virus infections to the vasculopathy leading to cardiac allograft rejection, the association between CMV and chronic kidney, lung, and liver graft rejection, and the association of human herpesvirus 6 reactivation with CMV-related disease in kidney and liver transplant recipients. We also review the numerous antiviral prophylactic or pre-emptive treatments in use to control CMV infection, and suggest that they do not limit immune reactions leading to graft rejection or lower the risk of developing post-transplantation atherosclerosis in allograft recipients. Finally, we emphasise the need for prospective, international studies to clarify the role of infections in transplant rejection, to look at virus-to-virus interactions, and to establish specific therapeutic strategies. Such strategies must not rely exclusively on expensive antiviral agents but also on vaccination or other, innovative approaches, such as the use of agents able to inhibit the activity of natural killer cells, which might have an important role in acute allograft rejection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.