Trial reportThorax2002
Effects of inhaled tumour necrosis factor alpha in subjects with mild asthma.
Trial report in Thorax, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effect of tumor necrosis factor-α antagonism in asthma: a meta-analysis of the published literature.Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao. Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen ban · 2011Pooled it
- L-arginine reverses cigarette-induced reduction of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic smokers.Inflammopharmacology · 2010Trial
- Montelukast in the treatment of duodenal eosinophilia in children with dyspepsia: effect on eosinophil density and activation in relation to pharmacokinetics.BMC gastroenterology · 2009Trial
- Effects of intranasal TNFalpha on granulocyte recruitment and activity in healthy subjects and patients with allergic rhinitis.Respiratory research · 2008Trial
- Causal association between circulating cytokine levels and the risk for asthma: A bidirectional, Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Severe Asthmatic Responses: The Impact of TSLP.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- An update on the diagnostic biomarkers for asthma.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Review
- Beneficial Effects of Neurotensin in Murine Model of Hapten-Induced Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Severe Asthma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Modulation of Bronchomotor Tone Pathways in Airway Smooth Muscle Function and Bronchomotor Tone in Asthma.Clinics in chest medicine · 2019Review
- Severe bronchial asthma in children: a review of novel biomarkers used as predictors of the disease.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2018Review
- CD38/cADPR Signaling Pathway in Airway Disease: Regulatory Mechanisms.Mediators of inflammation · 2018Review
- Anti-TNFα therapy in inflammatory lung diseases.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- TNF is required for TLR ligand-mediated but not protease-mediated allergic airway inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017Article
- Mast cells in airway diseases and interstitial lung disease.European journal of pharmacology · 2016Review
- Biomarkers in the Management of Difficult Asthma.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2016Review
- CD38 and airway hyper-responsiveness: studies on human airway smooth muscle cells and mouse models.Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2015Review
- Article
- Conditionally induced RAGE expression by proximal airway epithelial cells in transgenic mice causes lung inflammation.Respiratory research · 2014Article
- Association of insulin resistance with bronchial hyperreactivity.Asia Pacific allergy · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInhaled tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) has previously been shown to induce airway neutrophilia and increased airway reactivity in normal subjects. It was hypothesised that a similar challenge would increase airway reactivity in those with mild asthma, but that the inflammatory profile may differ.
methodsTen mild asthmatic subjects were recruited on the basis of clinical asthma and either a sensitivity to methacholine within the range defined for asthma or a 20% improvement in forced expiratory volume (FEV(1)) after 200 micro g salbutamol. Subjects inhaled either vehicle control or 60 ng recombinant human (rh)TNF alpha and were studied at baseline, 6, 24, and 48 hours later. Variables included spirometric parameters, methacholine provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEV(1) (PC(20)), induced sputum differential cell count, relative sputum level of mRNA of interleukins (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-14, IL-15 and TNF alpha, and the exhaled gaseous markers of inflammation, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide.
resultsPC(20) showed an increase in sensitivity after TNF alpha compared with control (p<0.01). The mean percentage of neutrophils increased at 24-48 hours (24 hour control: 1.1 (95% CI 0.4 to 2.7) v 9.2 (95% CI 3.5 to 14.9), p<0.05), and there was also a rise in eosinophils (p=0.05). Relative levels of sputum mRNA suggested a rise in expression of TNF alpha, IL-14, and IL-15, but no change in IL-4 and IL-5. Spirometric parameters and exhaled gases showed no significant change.
conclusionThe increase in airway responsiveness and sputum inflammatory cell influx in response to rhTNF alpha indicates that TNF alpha may contribute to the airway inflammation that characterises asthma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.