ReviewJournal of anatomy2002
Blood-brain barrier breakdown in septic encephalopathy and brain tumours.
Review in Journal of anatomy, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03133208 (Serum Biomarkers in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Serum Biomarkers in Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy (SAE)
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 308 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Huntington's disease vasculopathy is barrier-type-selective and arteriolar-dominant with spatially-coupled astrogliosis and reversible by S1pr1 stimulation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lung endothelial cytopathic tau is sufficient to impair long-term potentiation during infection.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- A central role for fibrinogen in promoting microglial repair of the hypoxia-disrupted blood-brain barrier.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Endothelial αvβ3 integrin induction during hypoxia protects blood-brain barrier integrity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Partial eNOS Deficiency Results in Greater Levels of Vascular Inflammation and BBB Disruption in Response to Chronic Mild Hypoxia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Convergence of sepsis-associated encephalopathy pathogenesis onto microglia.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Viral immunological complications in neurological surgery: A comprehensive review of homeostatic disturbances and cognitive impairments.Surgical neurology international · 2025Review
- Blood-brain barrier disruption and microglial activation during hypoxia and post-hypoxic recovery in aged mice.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Exploring Aquaporins in Human Studies: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Critical Illness.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeting the undruggable in glioblastoma using nano-based intracellular drug delivery.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- Glioblastoma Vaccines as Promising Immune-Therapeutics: Challenges and Current Status.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Time course of tumorigenesis of a newly developed sporadic hemangioblastoma in an elderly patient: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2024Article
- β1 integrins play a critical role maintaining vascular integrity in the hypoxic spinal cord, particularly in white matter.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- Cerebral arterioles express the laminin subunits α4 and α5 in conjunction with α6β4 integrin, but strongly downregulate laminin α4 during hypoxia-induced arteriogenic remodeling.Microvascular research · 2024Article
- Research progress on the relationship between traumatic brain injury and brain-gut-microbial axis.Ibrain · 2024Review
- Acute Encephalopathies in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Clinical and Neuroimaging Perspective.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Treatment advances in high-grade gliomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Aquaporins in sepsis- an update.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Development of an m6A-Related lncRNAs Signature Predicts Tumor Stemness and Prognosis for Low-Grade Glioma Patients.Stem cells international · 2024Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Septic encephalopathy is associated with breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and cerebral oedema. These features are also common properties of brain tumours. Perimicrovessel oedema, disruption of associated astrocyte end feet and neuronal injury occur in a porcine model of acute septic encephalopathy. The adrenergic system has been implicated in the inflammatory response to sepsis and may play a role in controlling blood-brain barrier permeability, since the beta2-adrenoceptor agonist dopexamine inhibits perimicrovessel oedema formation whereas the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine provokes it. Electron microscopy revealed tight junction opening in high-grade astrocytoma microvessels. Expression of the tight junction protein occludin is reduced in these microvessels and this reduction is inversely correlated with the degree of cerebral oedema. Normal astrocytes secrete factors that induce barrier properties in endothelial cells, whereas high-grade astrocytomas secrete vascular endothelial growth factor, which stimulates angiogenesis, down regulates occludin and increases endothelial cell permeability. The water channel protein aquaporin-4 is normally expressed in astrocyte foot processes around cerebral microvessels. Its expression is massively up-regulated in high-grade astrocytoma and around metastatic adenocarcinoma. There is a significant correlation between aquaporin-4 expression and the degree of cerebral oedema, but it is not clear whether increased aquaporin-4 expression enhances oedema formation or clearance. These results suggest that the pathophysiology of brain oedema is multifactorial, but that there may be common processes operating regardless of the aetiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.