Trial reportThorax2002
Controlled trial of three weeks nicotine replacement treatment in hospital patients also given advice and support.
Trial report in Thorax, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Does the use of ingredients added to tobacco increase cigarette addictiveness?: a detailed analysis.Inhalation toxicology · 2012Pooled it
- Effectiveness of smoking cessation therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2006Pooled it
- Trial
- Social Networks and Their Influence on the Choice of Unassisted Smoking Cessation: Cross-Sectional Study in Six Cities in China.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Pharmacotherapy, Low-Level Laser Therapy, and Behavioral Counseling on Tobacco Cessation: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial.Addiction & health · 2026Article
- Pharmacovigilance Study on Adverse Events of Nicotine Replacement Therapy, Bupropion, and Varenicline in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Is unassisted smoking cessation choice and success associated with high mental stress? Evidence from six cities in China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of nicotine chewing gum and nicotine patches as nicotine replacement therapy using salivary cotinine levels as a biochemical validation measure.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Is Cost of Medication for Quit Smoking Important for Smokers, Experience of Using Champix in Iranian Smoking Cessation Program 2016.International journal of preventive medicine · 2017Article
- Effectiveness of oral health education versus nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco cessation- a parallel randomized clinical trial.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2016Article
- Review
- Adverse events associated with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation. A systematic review and meta-analysis of one hundred and twenty studies involving 177,390 individuals.Tobacco induced diseases · 2010Article
- Efficacy of pharmacotherapies for short-term smoking abstinance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2009Article
- Varenicline: A review of the literature and place in therapy.Pharmacy practice · 2007Article
- Article
- Review
- Smoking behavior after coronary artery bypass surgery: Quit, relapse, continuing.Annals of cardiac anaesthesiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmoking is a major public health issue, estimated as causing 120 000 deaths in the UK per year. Smoking cessation is an important aspect of the treatment of many diseases. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) has been shown to increase cessation rates among healthy volunteers and in general practice, but it is not clear whether it has an effect in hospital patients.
methodsPatients referred by their hospital doctor to the smoking cessation counsellor and who agreed to participate in the study were randomised to receive either NRT given as a nicotine patch daily and a nicotine inhalator on an as needed basis plus advice and support (AS+NRT), or to receive just advice and support (AS). Claims of smoking cessation were validated at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year by carbon monoxide (CO) breath testing.
resultsA total of 245 patients were randomised, 136 AS+NRT and 109 AS. There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups at baseline. At 1 year 35 (14%) had sustained cessation confirmed by a CO breath test, 20/136 (15%) AS+NRT and 15/109 (14%) AS, p=0.857. One hundred and ten patients gave up smoking for at least 1 week, 54% AS+NRT and 33% AS (p<0.001). By 6 months there was no significant difference between the two groups (22/136 (16%) AS+NRT and 15/109 (14%) AS).
conclusionIn hospital patients NRT, given as regular daily patches plus an inhalator to be used as needed, did not add to the smoking cessation rate achieved at 1 year by regular advice and support, despite significantly increasing the cessation rate at 1 week.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.