Trial reportClinical pharmacokinetics2002
Pharmacokinetic interactions between efavirenz and rifampicin in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis.
Trial report in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00474435 (The Pharmacokinetics of Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir/Efavirenz in HIV-infected Patients With Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania), which is not on this map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Pharmacokinetics of Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir/Efavirenz in HIV-infected Patients With Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between alcohol use, alcohol use disorders and tuberculosis (TB). A systematic review.BMC public health · 2009Pooled it
- Efavirenz Pharmacokinetics and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Suppression Among Patients Receiving Tuberculosis Treatment Containing Daily High-Dose Rifapentine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Daily 800 mg versus 600 mg Efavirenz for HIV Patients Treating Tuberculosis with a Rifampicin-Based Regimen: An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial.BioMed research international · 2018Trial
- Risk factors for increased immune reconstitution in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in tuberculosis HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Rifampin enhances cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6-mediated efavirenz 8-hydroxylation in healthy volunteers.Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2016Trial
- Factors associated with variability in rifampin plasma pharmacokinetics and the relationship between rifampin concentrations and induction of efavirenz clearance.Pharmacotherapy · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Effect of rifampin and rifabutin on the pharmacokinetics of lersivirine and effect of lersivirine on the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin and 25-O-desacetyl-rifabutin in healthy subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Trial
- The influence of tuberculosis treatment on efavirenz clearance in patients co-infected with HIV and tuberculosis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Trial
- Modest but variable effect of rifampin on steady-state plasma pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in healthy African-American and Caucasian volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Trial
- Efavirenz and rifampicin in the South African context: is there a need to dose-increase efavirenz with concurrent rifampicin therapy?Antiviral therapy · 2011Trial
- Interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics of generic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in TB/HIV-coinfected Ghanaian patients: UGT2B7*1c is associated with faster zidovudine clearance and glucuronidation.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2009Trial
- Effect of rifampicin-based antitubercular therapy and the cytochrome P450 2B6 516G>T polymorphism on efavirenz concentrations in adults in South Africa.Antiviral therapy · 2009Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz when co-administered with rifampin in TB/HIV co-infected patients: pharmacogenetic effect of CYP2B6 variation.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2008Trial
- Pharmacokinetic study of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combined with rifampin in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2005Trial
- Population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in an unselected cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2005Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose lopinavir-ritonavir combined with rifampin in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2004Trial
- Drug-Drug Interactions Between HIV Antivirals and Concomitant Drugs in HIV Patients: What We Know and What We Need to Know.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz 600mg in Combination with Rifampicin in Chinese HIV/TB Co-Infection Patients.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the pharmacokinetic interactions between efavirenz and rifampicin (rifampin) in patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis.
designNonblind, randomised, pharmacokinetic study. PATIENTS: 24 patients (21 male, 3 female; mean age 37 years) with HIV infection and tuberculosis.
interventionsPatients were randomised to one of the following treatments: group A (n = 16) received antituberculosis drugs without rifampicin, plus highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) including efavirenz 600 mg once daily, on days 1 to 7. Patients were then switched to rifampicin in bodyweight-adjusted fixed-dose combination plus HAART including efavirenz 600 mg once daily (group A-1; n = 8) or efavirenz 800 mg once daily (group A-2; n = 8). Group B (n = 8) received rifampicin in bodyweight-adjusted fixed-dose combination on days 1 to 7; on day 8, HAART including efavirenz 800 mg once daily was added. Blood samples were obtained on days 7 and 14.
methodsPlasma concentrations of efavirenz and rifampicin were quantified by using validated high performance liquid chromatography assays, and pharmacokinetic parameter values were determined by noncompartmental methods. The differences between pharmacokinetic parameters on days 7 and 14 were used to assess interactions.
resultsThere was a correlation between the pharmacokinetic parameters of efavirenz and the dose/kg administered. For efavirenz, mean (median) peak concentration, trough concentration and area under the concentration-time curve over the administration interval decreased 24% (24%), 25% (18%) and 22% (10%), respectively, in the presence of rifampicin. Large interpatient variability was observed, suggesting that plasma concentration monitoring of efavirenz may be advisable. Overall, the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz 800 mg plus rifampicin were similar to those of efavirenz 600 mg without rifampicin. The pharmacokinetics of rifampicin did not change substantially in the presence of efavirenz. Differences in patients' bodyweight appeared to cause further differences in exposure to efavirenz. Plasma concentrations of efavirenz in patients weighing <50 kg were similar to those previously described in HIV-infected patients without concomitant tuberculosis. However, plasma concentrations in patients weighing >or=50 kg were almost halved compared with those in patients weighing <50 kg.
conclusionsAlthough the minimal effective efavirenz plasma concentration that assures virological success is not currently known, it may be advisable to increase the dosage of efavirenz to 800 mg once daily when it is coadministered with rifampicin. Rifampicin can be used with efavirenz without dosage modification.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.