ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Evidence that the variable regions of the central domain of VlsE are antigenic during infection with lyme disease spirochetes.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution of theMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Lyme Disease Pathogenesis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- Article
- Delineating Surface Epitopes of Lyme Disease Pathogen Targeted by Highly Protective Antibodies of New Zealand White Rabbits.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- New Zealand White Rabbits Effectively Clear Borrelia burgdorferi B31 despite the Bacterium's FunctionalInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Antibody fingerprints in lyme disease deciphered with high density peptide arrays.Engineering in life sciences · 2017Article
- Interactions between host immune response and antigenic variation that control Borrelia burgdorferi population dynamics.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2017Article
- Antigenic Variation in Bacterial Pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2016Article
- Role of the VlsE Lipoprotein in Immune Avoidance by the Lyme Disease SpirocheteForum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics · 2016Article
- Evaluation of the Importance of VlsE Antigenic Variation for the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi.PloS one · 2015Article
- Mini-review: Strategies for Variation and Evolution of Bacterial Antigens.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2015Review
- vls Antigenic Variation Systems of Lyme Disease Borrelia: Eluding Host Immunity through both Random, Segmental Gene Conversion and Framework Heterogeneity.Microbiology spectrum · 2014Review
- Potentially conflicting selective forces that shape the vls antigenic variation system in Borrelia burgdorferi.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Sequence divergence in the Treponema denticola FhbB protein and its impact on factor H binding.Molecular oral microbiology · 2013Article
- A call to order at the spirochaetal host-pathogen interface.Molecular microbiology · 2013Article
- Article
- Natural selection promotes antigenic evolvability.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- An inverted repeat in the ospC operator is required for induction in Borrelia burgdorferi.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
- Microbial antigenic variation mediated by homologous DNA recombination.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has been postulated that the vls system of the Lyme disease spirochetes contributes to immune evasion through antigenic variation. While it is clear that vlsE undergoes sequence change within its variable regions at a high frequency during the early stages of infection, a definitive role in immune evasion has not been demonstrated. In this report we assessed the murine and human humoral immune response to recombinant (r)-VlsE variants that originally arose during infection in mice. Immunoblot analyses of r-VlsE variants were conducted by using serum samples collected from mice infected with Borrelia burgdorferi clones that carried different vlsE variants. All of the r-VlsE variants were recognized by infection sera regardless of the identity of the infecting clone or isolate. In addition, all variants were immunoreactive with a panel of human Lyme disease patient serum samples. It is evident from these analyses that the infection-induced VlsE variants share common epitopes that reside within conserved segments of these proteins. However, preabsorption experiments revealed that the variable regions of the central domain of VlsE, which undergo rapid mutation during infection, also influence the antigenic properties of the protein. A subset of the antibodies elicited against vlsE variants that differ in the sequences of their variable regions were found to be variant specific. Hence, in spite of a robust antibody response to conserved segments of VlsE, infection-induced sequence changes within the variable regions alter the antigenicity of VlsE. These results provide the first direct evidence of antigenic variation in the VlsE protein.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.