ArticleEndocrine pathology1999
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Expression in Human Pituitary Adenomas and Carcinomas.
Article in Endocrine pathology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of molecular alterations in invasive non-functioning pituitary adenoma.Endocrine · 2022Pooled it
- Genetic aspects of pituitary carcinoma: A systematic review.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Single-cell epigenetic landscape, microenvironment interactions, and gene regulatory modules of non-functioning pituitary adenomas.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Fluorescence detection of pituitary neuroendocrine tumour during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery using bevacizumab-800CW: a non-randomised, non-blinded, single centre feasibility and dose finding trial [DEPARTURE trial].European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- Systematic review of fluorescence-guided surgery in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Aggressive/Refractory Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors.International journal of endocrinology · 2024Review
- Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas: male-specific differences in pathogenesis, clinical presentation and treatment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Aggressive and Metastatic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Therapeutic Management and Off-Label Drug Use.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Update on Current Evidence for the Diagnosis and Management of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Review
- Oxidative stress in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: Affecting the tumor microenvironment and becoming a new target for pituitary neuroendocrine tumor therapy.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Recent Therapeutic Advances in Pituitary Carcinoma.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2023Review
- The immune microenviroment in somatotropinomas: from biology to personalized and target therapy.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Review
- Pituitary Apoplexy: Risk Factors and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The microenvironment of pituitary adenomas: biological, clinical and therapeutical implications.Pituitary · 2022Review
- Case Report: Progression of a Silent Corticotroph Tumor to an Aggressive Secreting Corticotroph Tumor, Treated by Temozolomide. Changes in the Clinic, the Pathology, and the β-Catenin and α-SMA Expression.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Aggressive pituitary tumours and pituitary carcinomas.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Article
- Comparative Proteomic Study Shows the Expression of Hint-1 in Pituitary Adenomas.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Anti-VEGF Therapy in Refractory Pituitary Adenomas and Pituitary Carcinomas: A Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in non-functional pituitary adenoma: association with tumor invasiveness.Endocrine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. Little is known about its expression in human pituitary adenomas. We examined 148 human pituitary adenomas for VEGF protein expression by immunohistochemistry. The strongest immunoreactivity was present in GH adenomas, corticotroph, silent corticotroph. silent subtype 3, and nononcocytic null cell adenomas. GH adenomas treated with octreotide stained less intensely than did untreated tumors. Relatively weak staining was present in PRL, gonadotroph, thyrotroph, and oncocytic null cell adenomas in the same sections showed evidence of down-regulation of VEGE protein expression in adenomas. Pituitary carcinomas usually had stronger staining than adenomas. In situ hybridization studies with oligonucleotide probes showed positive staining in all groups with stronger staining in GH, ACTH, TSH, and gonadotroph adenomas and in pituitary carcinomas. These results indicate that VEGF expression is more prominent in certain adenoma subtypes, that decreased expression occurs in adenomas as compared to nontumorous pituitary and that carcinomas show increased VEGF expression relative to adenomas suggesting up-regulation of VEGF during pituitary tumor progression.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.