ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2002
The immunosuppressant rapamycin mimics a starvation-like signal distinct from amino acid and glucose deprivation.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 192 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
192 citing papers in PubMed, 392 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- New insights in nutritional management and amino acid supplementation in urea cycle disorders.Molecular genetics and metabolism · 2010Trial
- Acute depletion of plasma glutamine increases leucine oxidation in prednisone-treated humans.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2007Trial
- GCN2 in proteostasis: structural logic, signalling networks and disease.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Integrated single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics elucidate the molecular mechanisms and detoxification strategy of rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Vaccines combining slow release and follicle targeting of antigens increase germinal center B cell diversity and clonal expansion.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Dietary Restriction and Lipid Metabolism: Unveiling Pathways to Extended Healthspan.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Physiological and Pathological Role of mTOR Signaling in Astrocytes.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicle transfer of miR-1 to adipose tissue modifies lipolytic pathways following resistance exercise.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Wide-ranging genetic variation in sensitivity to rapamycin in Drosophila melanogaster.Aging cell · 2024Article
- The significance of lipid metabolism reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Review
- Valproic acid targets IDH1 mutants through alteration of lipid metabolism.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Article
- Amniotic MSC affect CD8 naive polarization toward SLEC/MPEC subsets by down-modulating IL-12Rβ1 and IL-2Rα signaling pathways.iScience · 2023Article
- Altered expression of proteins involved in metabolism in LGMDR1 muscle is lost in cell culture conditions.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2023Article
- Rational combination of SHP2 and mTOR inhibition for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Molecular oncology · 2023Article
- Reactivation of PPARActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Article
- The Effects of Synthetic SREBP-1 and PPAR-γ Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide on Acne-like Disease In Vivo and In Vitro via Lipogenic Regulation.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- The central moTOR of metabolism.Developmental cell · 2022Review
- Tadalafil Treatment of Mice with Fetal Growth Restriction and Preeclampsia Improves Placental mTOR Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RAFT1/FRAP/mTOR is a key regulator of cell growth and division and the mammalian target of rapamycin, an immunosuppressive and anticancer drug. Rapamycin deprivation and nutrient deprivation have similar effects on the activity of S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4E-BP1, two downstream effectors of RAFT1, but the relationship between nutrient- and rapamycin-sensitive pathways is unknown. Using transcriptional profiling, we show that, in human BJAB B-lymphoma cells and murine CTLL-2 T lymphocytes, rapamycin treatment affects the expression of many genes involved in nutrient and protein metabolism. The rapamycin-induced transcriptional profile is distinct from those induced by glucose, glutamine, or leucine deprivation but is most similar to that induced by amino acid deprivation. In particular, rapamycin treatment and amino acid deprivation up-regulate genes involved in nutrient catabolism and energy production and down-regulate genes participating in lipid and nucleotide synthesis and in protein synthesis, turnover, and folding. Surprisingly, however, rapamycin had effects opposite from those of amino acid starvation on the expression of a large group of genes involved in the synthesis, transport, and use of amino acids. Supported by measurements of nutrient use, the data suggest that RAFT1 is an energy and nutrient sensor and that rapamycin mimics a signal generated by the starvation of amino acids but that the signal is unlikely to be the absence of amino acids themselves. These observations underscore the importance of metabolism in controlling lymphocyte proliferation and offer a novel explanation for immunosuppression by rapamycin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.