ArticleClinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology2002
Bactericidal activity in whole blood as a potential surrogate marker of immunity after vaccination against tuberculosis.
Article in Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and application of the direct mycobacterial growth inhibition assay: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Whole Blood Mycobacterial Growth Assays for Assessing Human Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Immunological correlates of mycobacterial growth inhibition describe a spectrum of tuberculosis infection.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Adjunctive use of celecoxib with anti-tuberculosis drugs: evaluation in a whole-blood bactericidal activity model.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Safety and Immunogenicity of the Recombinant BCG Vaccine AERAS-422 in Healthy BCG-naïve Adults: A Randomized, Active-controlled, First-in-human Phase 1 Trial.EBioMedicine · 2016Trial
- Immunogenicity of a protective whole cell mycobacterial vaccine in HIV-infected adults: a phase III study in Tanzania.Vaccine · 2010Trial
- Timing matters in macrophage/CD4+ T cell interactions: an agent-based model comparingmSystems · 2025Article
- Functional and phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from tuberculosis patients in Southern Thailand.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A non-human primate in vitro functional assay for the early evaluation of TB vaccine candidates.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- Genetics and Functional Mechanisms of STAT3 Polymorphisms in Human Tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay (MGIA) as a Host Directed Diagnostic Tool for the Evaluation of the Immune Response in Subjects Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Optimisation, harmonisation and standardisation of the direct mycobacterial growth inhibition assay using cryopreserved human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Journal of immunological methods · 2019Article
- Historical BCG vaccination combined with drug treatment enhances inhibition of mycobacterial growth ex vivo in human peripheral blood cells.Scientific reports · 2019Observational
- An Auto-luminescent Fluorescent BCG Whole Blood Assay to Enable Evaluation of Paediatric Mycobacterial Responses Using Minimal Blood Volumes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Article
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- Ag85A-specific CD4Vaccine · 2018Article
- Mycobacterial growth inhibition is associated with trained innate immunity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
- Human Hookworm Infection Enhances Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition and Associates With Reduced Risk of Tuberculosis Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Observational
- The Cross-Species Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay (MGIA) Project, 2010-2014.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The development of new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines will require the identification of correlates of human protection. This study examined the balance between immunity and virulence in a whole blood infection model in which intracellular mycobacterial survival was measured using BACTEC. In the blood of tuberculin-negative donors, counts of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Ra organisms fell by 0.14 log(10) CFU during 96 h of whole blood culture, whereas counts of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, M. tuberculosis H(37)Rv, and a clinical TB isolate's organisms increased by 0.13, 0.43, and 1.04 log(10) CFU, respectively (P < 0.001), consistent with their relative virulence. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha by the addition of methylprednisolone or pentoxifylline or removal of CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells by magnetic beads had deleterious effects on immune control of intracellular growth only in the blood of tuberculin-positive donors. Repeated vaccination of eight tuberculin-negative volunteers with M. bovis BCG resulted in a 0.3 log (50%) reduction in BCG CFU counts in the model compared to baseline values (P < 0.05). Three of the volunteers responded only after the second vaccination. These experiments indicate that whole blood culture may be used to measure immunity to M. tuberculosis and that further studies of repeated BCG vaccination are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.