ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2002
Secondary (gamma-Proteobacteria) endosymbionts infect the primary (beta-Proteobacteria) endosymbionts of mealybugs multiple times and coevolve with their hosts.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protein import into bacterial endosymbionts and evolving organelles.The FEBS journal · 2025Review
- Symbioses shape feeding niches and diversification across insects.Nature ecology & evolution · 2023Article
- Genomic Comparisons Reveal Selection Pressure and Functional Variation Between Nutritional Endosymbionts of Cave-Adapted and Epigean Hawaiian Planthoppers.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Sex-specific differences in symbiotic microorganisms associated with an invasive mealybug (PeerJ · 2023Article
- Ovary structure and symbiotic associates of a ground mealybug, Rhizoecus albidus (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) and their phylogenetic implications.Journal of anatomy · 2022Article
- The Evolution of Interdependence in a Four-Way Mealybug Symbiosis.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Article
- Evolution of default genetic control mechanisms.PloS one · 2021Article
- Review
- Horizontal transmission and recombination maintain forever young bacterial symbiont genomes.PLoS genetics · 2020Article
- The Diversity of Symbiotic Systems in Scale Insects.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Influences of two coexisting endosymbionts, CI-inducingEcology and evolution · 2019Article
- Unity Makes Strength: A Review on Mutualistic Symbiosis in Representative Insect Clades.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Phylogenetic analyses and characteristics of the microbiomes from five mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- Cophylogenetic analysis suggests cospeciation between the Scorpion Mycoplasma Clade symbionts and their hosts.PloS one · 2019Article
- A cross-eyed geneticist's view II. Riddles, wrapped in mysteries, inside … mealybugs.Journal of biosciences · 2018Article
- Dual "Bacterial-Fungal" Symbiosis in Deltocephalinae Leafhoppers (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae).Microbial ecology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mealybugs (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae) are plant sap-sucking insects that have within their body cavities specialized cells containing prokaryotic primary endosymbionts (P-endosymbionts). The P-endosymbionts have the unusual property of containing within their cytoplasm prokaryotic secondary endosymbionts (S-endosymbionts) [C. D. von Dohlen, S. Kohler, S. T. Alsop, and W. R. McManus, Nature (London) 412:433-436, 2001]. Four-kilobase fragments containing 16S-23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were obtained from the P-endosymbionts of 22 mealybug species and the S-endosymbionts of 12 representative species. Phylogenetic analyses of the P-endosymbionts indicated that they have a monophyletic origin and are members of the beta-subdivision of the Proteobacteria; these organisms were subdivided into five different clusters. The S-endosymbionts were members of the gamma-subdivision of the Proteobacteria and were grouped into clusters similar to those observed with the P-endosymbionts. The S-endosymbiont clusters were distinct from each other and from other insect-associated bacteria. The similarity of the clusters formed by the P- and S-endosymbionts suggests that the P-endosymbionts of mealybugs were infected multiple times with different precursors of the S-endosymbionts and once the association was established, the P- and S-endosymbionts were transmitted together. The lineage consisting of the P-endosymbionts of mealybugs was given the designation "Candidatus Tremblaya" gen. nov., with a single species, "Candidatus Tremblaya princeps" sp. nov. The results of phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA fragments encoding cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II from four representative mealybug species were in agreement with the results of 16S-23S rDNA analyses, suggesting that relationships among strains of "Candidatus T. princeps" are useful in inferring the phylogeny of their mealybug hosts.
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