ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Analysis of sequence diversity at the highly polymorphic Cpgp40/15 locus among Cryptosporidium isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in South Africa.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-positive patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2020Pooled it
- Anthroponotic transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum predominates in countries with poorer sanitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Pooled it
- Human cryptosporidiosis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasitology research · 2017Pooled it
- Genetic Diversity of Cryptosporidium in Children in an Urban Informal Settlement of Nairobi, Kenya.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Prevalence, molecular species, and associated factors for Cryptosporidium infection among dairy-farm workers and HIV-positive individuals in central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cryptosporidiosis: A global threat to human and animal health.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Review
- SubtypingMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- Species and genotypes causing human cryptosporidiosis in New Zealand.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- New insights into the detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium with emphasis in Brazilian studies: a review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2019Review
- Distribution of Cryptosporidium parvum gp60 subtypes in calf herds of Saxony, Germany.Parasitology research · 2019Article
- Occurrence ofHeliyon · 2018Article
- Divergent Cryptosporidium parvum subtype and Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in dromedary camels in Algeria.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges.Parasites & vectors · 2017Review
- Molecular Epidemiology ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: the African perspective.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Review
- Cryptosporidium genotypes in children and calves living at the wildlife or livestock interface of the Kruger National Park, South Africa.The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research · 2016Article
- Genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium identified in clinical samples from cities in Brazil and Argentina.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2016Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cryptosporidium sp. is a significant cause of diarrheal disease, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in developing countries. We recently cloned and sequenced several alleles of the highly polymorphic single-copy Cryptosporidium parvum gene Cpgp40/15. This gene encodes a precursor protein that is proteolytically cleaved to yield mature cell surface glycoproteins gp40 and gp15, which are implicated in zoite attachment to and invasion of enterocytes. The most-striking feature of the Cpgp40/15 alleles and proteins is their unprecedented degree of sequence polymorphism, which is far greater than that observed for any other gene or protein studied in C. parvum to date. In this study we analyzed nucleic acid and amino acid sequence polymorphism at the Cpgp40/15 locus of 20 C. parvum isolates from HIV-infected South African children. Fifteen isolates exhibited one of four previously identified genotype I alleles at the Cpgp40/15 locus (Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id), while five displayed a novel set of polymorphisms that defined a new Cpgp40/15 genotype I allele, designated genotype Ie. Surprisingly, only 15 of these isolates exhibited concordant type I alleles at the thrombospondin-related adhesive protein of Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein loci, while five isolates (all of which displayed Cpgp40/15 genotype Ic alleles) displayed genotype II alleles at these loci. Furthermore, the last five isolates also manifested chimeric genotype Ic/Ib or Ic/II alleles at the Cpgp40/15 locus, raising the possibility of sexual recombination within and between prototypical parasite genotypes. Lastly, children infected with isolates having genotype Ic alleles were significantly older than those infected with isolates displaying other genotype I alleles.
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