ArticleInfection and immunity2002
In vivo effects of a synthetic 2-kilodalton macrophage-activating lipopeptide of Mycoplasma fermentans after pulmonary application.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Influence of Macrophage-Activating Lipopeptide-2 in Regard to Liver-Specific Changes Within a Murine Two-Hit Model.Inflammation · 2022Article
- The Lipocalin2 Gene is Regulated in Mammary Epithelial Cells by NFκB and C/EBP In Response to Mycoplasma.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- TLR Agonists as Mediators of Trained Immunity: Mechanistic Insight and Immunotherapeutic Potential to Combat Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Cellular Microbiology of Mycoplasma canis.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Oxidized phospholipids protect against lung injury and endothelial barrier dysfunction caused by heat-inactivated Staphylococcus aureus.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2015Article
- Novel aspects on the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- TLR Agonists as Modulators of the Innate Immune Response and Their Potential as Agents Against Infectious Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- MALP-2 pre-treatment modulates systemic inflammation in hemorrhagic shock.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2013Article
- Heat shock factor 1 protects against lung mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in mice.Journal of innate immunity · 2012Article
- Controversial data on simvastatin in asthma: What about the rat model?Journal of asthma and allergy · 2010Article
- Beneficial effects of TLR-2/6 ligation in pulmonary bacterial infection and immunization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Inflammation · 2010Article
- Synthetic lipopeptide MALP-2 inhibits intracellular growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in alveolar macrophages-preliminary data.Inflammation · 2009Article
- Inhaled therapeutics for prevention and treatment of pneumonia.Expert opinion on drug safety · 2009Review
- Article
- Nickel alterations of TLR2-dependent chemokine profiles in lung fibroblasts are mediated by COX-2.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2008Article
- Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: a rationale for the development of a mucosal sub-unit vaccine.Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases · 2008Review
- Modulation of asthma and allergy by addressing toll-like receptor 2.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2008Article
- Direct stimulatory effects of the TLR2/6 ligand bacterial lipopeptide MALP-2 on neutrophil granulocytes.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2007Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycoplasmas can cause interstitial pneumonias inducing critical illness in humans and animals. Mycoplasma infections are characterized by an influx of neutrophils, followed by an accumulation of macrophages and lymphocytes. The present study deals with the question of which mycoplasmal components cause this host reaction. The mycoplasma-derived, macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2S-MALP-2 was used to mimic the sequelae of a mycoplasma infection. To this end, 2S-MALP-2 was intratracheally instilled into the lungs of Lewis rats, and the bronchoalveolar lavage cells were examined at different times after different doses of 2S-MALP-2. Application of 2.5 microg induced a pronounced leukocyte accumulation in the bronchoalveolar space. At 24 h after 2S-MALP-2 administration, the majority of leukocytes consisted of neutrophils, followed by macrophages, peaking on days 2 and 3. Lymphocyte numbers, although amounting to only a few percent of the total bronchoalveolar lavage cells, also increased significantly, with maximal lymphocyte accumulation occurring by 72 h after instillation. The leukocyte count of the lung interstitium was increased on day 3 after treatment. After 10 days all investigated cell populations returned to control levels. Transient chemotactic activity for neutrophils was detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid early after 2S-MALP-2 application, followed by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 activity (MCP-1) in lung homogenates. MCP-1 was produced by bronchoalveolar lavage cells upon stimulation with 2S-MALP-2. Our data indicate that mycoplasmal lipoproteins and lipopeptides are probably the most relevant mycoplasmal components for the early host reaction. The primary target cells are likely to be the alveolar macrophages liberating chemokines, which attract further leukocytes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.