ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in human lung epithelial cells infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Canadian respiratory journal · 2018Pooled it
- The Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Peripheral blood inflammatory cytokines linked to clinical outcomes inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- An association of Mycoplasma pneumonia with lung function and laboratory parameters.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development of human mycoplasma vaccines: navigating the IL-17A paradox.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Analysis of histopathology and changes of major cytokines in the lesions caused by Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Partial Substitution of Whey Protein Concentrate with Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma or Soy Protein Isolate in Milk Replacer Differentially Modulates Ileal Morphology, Nutrient Digestion, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Neonatal Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Proteomic and Phenotypic Studies of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Revealed Macrolide-Resistant Mutation (A2063G) Associated Changes in Protein Composition and Pathogenicity of Type I Strains.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory markers of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumonia in children.The clinical respiratory journal · 2023Article
- Galacto-Oligosaccharides as an Anti-Infective and Anti-Microbial Agent for Macrolide-Resistant and -SensitivePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pinocembrin Relieves Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection‑Induced Pneumonia in Mice Through the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae Compared to Streptococcus pneumoniae Avoids Induction of Proinflammatory Epithelial Cell Responses despite Robustly Inducing TLR2 Signaling.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict plastic bronchitis in children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Serum cytokine profiling reveals different immune response patterns during general and severeFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Herbo-mineral formulation, Divya-Swasari-Vati averts SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entry into human alveolar epithelial cells by interfering with spike protein-ACE 2 interaction and IL-6/TNF-α /NF-κB signaling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Chronic infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in asthma: a type-2 low infection related phenotype.Respiratory research · 2021Article
- Anorexia Nervosa Caused by Polymicrobial Tick-Borne Infections: A Case Study.International medical case reports journal · 2021Article
- Distinct Microbial Communities in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Explanted Hearts Are Associated With Different Myocardial Rejection Outcomes.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Coronil, a Tri-Herbal Formulation, Attenuates Spike-Protein-Mediated SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry into Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Production by Inhibiting Spike Protein-ACE-2 Interaction.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a small bacterium without a cell wall that causes tracheobronchitis and atypical pneumonia in humans. It has also been associated with chronic conditions, such as arthritis, and extrapulmonary complications, such as encephalitis. Although the interaction of mycoplasmas with respiratory epithelial cells is a critical early phase of pathogenesis, little is known about the cascade of events initiated by infection of respiratory epithelial cells by mycoplasmas. Previous studies have shown that M. pneumoniae can induce proinflammatory cytokines in several different study systems including cultured murine and human monocytes. In this study, we demonstrate that M. pneumoniae infection also induces proinflammatory cytokine expression in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. Infection of A549 cells resulted in increased levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA, and both proteins were secreted into culture medium. IL-1 beta mRNA also increased after infection and IL-1 beta protein was synthesized, but it remained intracellular. In contrast, levels of IL-6 and gamma interferon mRNA and protein remained unchanged or undetectable. Using protease digestion and antibody blocking methods, we found that M. pneumoniae cytoadherence is important for the induction of cytokines. On the other hand, while M. pneumoniae protein synthesis and DNA synthesis do not appear to be prerequisites for the induction of cytokine gene expression, A549 cellular de novo protein synthesis is responsible for the increased cytokine protein levels. These results suggest a novel role for lung epithelial cells in the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection and provide a better understanding of M. pneumoniae pathology at the cellular level.
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