Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12060741›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2002

HIV type 1 Gag virus-like particle budding from spheroplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Sayuri Sakuragi, Toshiyuki Goto, Kouichi Sano, Yuko Morikawa

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 38% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Biological gene delivery vehicles: beyond viral vectors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2009
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Sayuri SakuragiKitasato Institute and Kitasato University, Shirokane 5-9-1, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
Toshiyuki Goto
Kouichi Sano
Yuko Morikawa
Kitasato University · JPKitasato Institute Hospital · JPOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Expression of retroviral Gag protein in yeast has previously shown Gag targeting to the plasma membrane but little or no production of Gag virus-like particles (VLPs). Here we show that, after removal of the cell wall, the expression of HIV type 1 Gag protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplasts allowed simultaneous budding of VLPs from the plasma membrane. Our data show that (i) the VLPs released from yeast spheroplasts were spherical and had morphological features, such as membrane apposed electron-dense layers, characteristic of the immature form of HIV particles; (ii) the VLPs were completely enclosed in the plasma membrane derived from yeast, which is denser than that of higher eukaryotic cells; (iii) the VLP Gag shells remained intact after treatment of nonionic detergent; and (iv) the VLPs were released soon after removal of the cell wall and accumulated up to 300 microg/liter of culture. Our results also show that VLP production was abolished by amino acid substitution of the Gag N-terminal myristoylglycine and impaired when Gag C-terminal deletions were extended beyond the nucleocapsid domain. These results were consistent with those obtained previously in higher eukaryotic expression systems, suggesting that similar Gag domains were used for VLP assembly. We suggest that the system described here offers significant advantages for studying host factors required for VLP budding. The system also may be available for production of vector virus-free VLPs for practical applications such as vaccine development.

Indexed as

Base SequenceDNA Primersgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusGene Products, gagGenetic VectorsHIV-1KineticsPolymerase Chain ReactionRecombinant ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSpheroplastsDNA Primersgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virusgag protein p1, Human immunodeficiency virusGene Products, gagRecombinant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID12060741
PMCPMC123002
OpenAlexW2004574130

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.