ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2002
Chemical contaminants in breast milk and their impacts on children's health: an overview.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Apparent half-lives of dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls as a function of age, body fat, smoking status, and breast-feeding.Environmental health perspectives · 2009Pooled it
- Association of healthy eating index (HEI), alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) with antioxidant capacity of maternal breast milk and infant's urine: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Xenobiotic Chemicals with High Propensity to Transfer into Human Milk.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Adipogenic and endocrine disrupting mixture effects of organic and inorganic pollutant mixtures.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Black carbon particles in human breast milk: assessing infant's exposure.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Review
- The association of maternal dietary quality and the antioxidant-proxidant balance of human milk.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Determination of glyphosate in breast milk of lactating women in a rural area from Paraná state, Brazil.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2022Article
- Human Oligodendrocytes and Myelin In Vitro to Evaluate Developmental Neurotoxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Characterization of adipogenic, PPARγ, and TRβ activities in house dust extracts and their associations with organic contaminants.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- The Triad Mother-Breast Milk-Infant as Predictor of Future Health: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Aflatoxin contamination of human breast milk and complementary foods in southern Ethiopia.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Article
- Protective Effect of Breastfeeding on the Adverse Health Effects Induced by Air Pollution: Current Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Thyroid receptor antagonism as a contributory mechanism for adipogenesis induced by environmental mixtures in 3T3-L1 cells.The Science of the total environment · 2019Article
- Infant Dietary Exposures to Environmental Chemicals and Infant/Child Health: A Critical Assessment of the Literature.Environmental health perspectives · 2018Review
- Environmental Chemicals in Breast Milk and Formula: Exposure and Risk Assessment Implications.Environmental health perspectives · 2018Review
- Chemical Contaminants in Raw and Pasteurized Human Milk.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2018Article
- Characterization of Adipogenic Activity of House Dust Extracts and Semi-Volatile Indoor Contaminants in 3T3-L1 Cells.Environmental science & technology · 2017Article
- Assessment of questionnaire-based PCB exposure focused on food frequency in birth cohorts in Japan.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human milk is the best source of nutrition for infants. Breast milk contains the optimal balance of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins for developing babies, and it provides a range of benefits for growth, immunity, and development. Unfortunately, breast milk is not pristine. Contamination of human milk is widespread and is the consequence of decades of inadequately controlled pollution of the environment by toxic chemicals. The finding of toxic chemicals in breast milk raises important issues for pediatric practice, for the practice of public health, and for the environmental health research community. It also illuminates gaps in current knowledge including a) insufficient information on the nature and levels of contaminants in breast milk; b) lack of consistent protocols for collecting and analyzing breast milk samples; c) lack of toxicokinetic data; and d) lack of data on health outcomes that may be produced in infants by exposure to chemicals in breast milk. These gaps in information impede risk assessment and make difficult the formulation of evidence-based health guidance. To address these issues, there is a need for a carefully planned and conducted national breast milk monitoring effort in the United States. Additionally, to assess health outcomes of toxic exposures via breast milk, it will be necessary to examine children prospectively over many years in longitudinal epidemiologic studies that use standardized examination protocols that specifically assess breast milk exposures. Finally, current risk assessment methods need to be expanded to include consideration of the potential risks posed to infants and children by exposures to chemical residues in breast milk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.