ArticleJournal of clinical pathology2002
Primary screening for high risk HPV by home obtained cervicovaginal lavage is an alternative screening tool for unscreened women.
Article in Journal of clinical pathology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-Collected Vaginal Specimens for HPV Testing: Recommendations From the Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee.Journal of lower genital tract disease · 2025Guideline
- Does self-sampling for human papilloma virus testing have the potential to increase cervical cancer screening? An updated meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening: a systematic review of values and preferences.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Detecting cervical precancer and reaching underscreened women by using HPV testing on self samples: updated meta-analyses.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of self collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus compared to clinician collected human papillomavirus specimens: a meta-analysis.Sexually transmitted infections · 2005Pooled it
- Non-speculum sampling approaches for cervical screening in older women: randomised controlled trial.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Comparing self- and provider-collected swabbing for HPV DNA testing in female-to-male transgender adult patients: a mixed-methods biobehavioral study protocol.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Randomized Comparison of Two Vaginal Self-Sampling Methods for Human Papillomavirus Detection: Dry Swab versus FTA Cartridge.PloS one · 2015Trial
- The effect of self-sampled HPV testing on participation to cervical cancer screening in Italy: a randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN96071600).British journal of cancer · 2011Trial
- Genotype-Specific HPV E6/E7 mRNA Triage for Risk Stratification in HPV DNA-Positive Women with ASC-US/LSIL: A Population-Based Tromsø Cohort.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Cervical Cancer Screening Devices: The Pros and the Cons.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Review
- Long term results of follow-up after HPV self-sampling with devices Qvintip and HerSwab in women non-attending cervical screening programme.Radiology and oncology · 2021Article
- Article
- Prevention of Cervical Cancer: Guideline of the DGGG and the DKG (S3 Level, AWMF Register Number 015/027OL, December 2017) - Part 2 on Triage, Treatment and Follow-up.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2019Article
- FAM19A4 methylation analysis in self-samples compared with cervical scrapes for detecting cervical (pre)cancer in HPV-positive women.British journal of cancer · 2016Article
- Accurate measurement of female genital tract fluid dilution in cervicovaginal lavage samples.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2016Article
- Community-Based Screening for Cervical Cancer: A Feasibility Study of Rural Appalachian Women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2015Article
- Education efforts may contribute to wider acceptance of human papillomavirus self-sampling.International journal of women's health · 2015Article
- DNA methylation analysis in self-sampled brush material as a triage test in hrHPV-positive women.British journal of cancer · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsSelf sampling is considered an adjuvant tool to facilitate the participation of women in cervical cancer screening programmes. This study aimed to evaluate whether cervicovaginal lavage could be an alternative for the cervical smear in cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and to assess the acceptance of the self sampling device by women.
methodsFifty six women with abnormal cervical cytology (very mild dyskaryosis or worse) and 15 women with normal cervical cytology obtained a self collected cervicovaginal lavage at home and filled in a questionnaire on the use of the device. At the colposcopy clinic the gynaecologist performed the same procedure followed by a cervical smear for cytology and HPV DNA testing.
resultsThe self sampling device was acceptable to 88% of the women. The concordance between the cytology results in the smear and the lavage by the doctor and the patient was 54% and 41%, respectively (kappa = 0.28 and 0.14). The concordance between high risk HPV detection in the smear and the lavage by the doctor and the patient was 93% and 78%, respectively (kappa = 0.82 and 0.53). Ninety one per cent of the women with high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) had a high risk HPV positive test in the smear, compared with 91% and 81% in the lavages taken by the doctor and the patient, respectively.
conclusionsHPV DNA testing by home obtained samples is useful as a screening tool for cervical cancer, whereas cervical cytology by self sampling is not. Although the sensitivity for high grade CIN by high risk HPV testing in the lavage by the patient is not significantly lower than that in the cervical smear, self sampling for HPV DNA is a feasible alternative method in women who decline to participate in population based cervical cancer screening programmes. However, participation in the screening programme remains the best option.
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