ReviewProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2002
3D domain swapping: as domains continue to swap.
Review in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 280 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 695 citations in OpenAlex.
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- DNA Modulates Structural Transitions and Oligomerization Kinetics of the Functional Amyloid CRES.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Mapping the energy landscape of a fold-switching protein MAD2.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Structural characterization of anti-CRISPR protein AcrIE9.Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Understanding domain swapping in the c-Src SH3 domain through hinge-loop mutagenesis.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2025Article
- A Designed ZnJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Ancestral reconstruction of polyethylene terephthalate degrading cutinases reveals a rugged and unexplored sequence-fitness landscape.Science advances · 2025Article
- Insights into mechanisms and significance of domain swapping from emerging examples in the Mog1p/PsbP-like fold.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2025Review
- Apoprotein Intermolecular Interactions and Heme Insertion for 3D Domain Swapping in Myoglobin.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Ig or Not Ig? That Is the Question: The Nucleating Supersecondary Structure of the Ig-Fold and the Extended Ig Universe.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Experimental and Computational Studies on Domain-Swapped Structure Stabilization of an Antibody Light Chain by Disulfide Bond Introduction.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Domain swapping: a mathematical model for quantitative assessment of structural effects.FEBS open bio · 2024Article
- Deep generative models of protein structure uncover distant relationships across a continuous fold space.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The crystal structure of Shethna protein II (FeSII) from Azotobacter vinelandii suggests a domain swap.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Structural and thermodynamic insights into antibody light chain tetramer formation through 3D domain swapping.Nature communications · 2023Article
- CryoEM structure of a therapeutic antibody (favezelimab) bound to human LAG3 determined using a bivalent Fab as fiducial marker.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2023Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) domain swapping creates a bond between two or more protein molecules as they exchange their identical domains. Since the term '3D domain swapping' was first used to describe the dimeric structure of diphtheria toxin, the database of domain-swapped proteins has greatly expanded. Analyses of the now about 40 structurally characterized cases of domain-swapped proteins reveal that most swapped domains are at either the N or C terminus and that the swapped domains are diverse in their primary and secondary structures. In addition to tabulating domain-swapped proteins, we describe in detail several examples of 3D domain swapping which show the swapping of more than one domain in a protein, the structural evidence for 3D domain swapping in amyloid proteins, and the flexibility of hinge loops. We also discuss the physiological relevance of 3D domain swapping and a possible mechanism for 3D domain swapping. The present state of knowledge leads us to suggest that 3D domain swapping can occur under appropriate conditions in any protein with an unconstrained terminus. As domains continue to swap, this review attempts not only a summary of the known domain-swapped proteins, but also a framework for understanding future findings of 3D domain swapping.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.