ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2002
Differential responses of mast cell Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in allergy and innate immunity.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 489 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic responses during acute human anaphylaxis are characterized by upregulation of innate inflammatory gene networks.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Mast Cells in Host Defense Against Cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus Infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Microbiota and anaphylaxis: emerging insights into immune regulation and clinical implications.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Exploratory study of DEFB1 genetic variants and human β-defensin-1 expression in monosodium urate crystal-induced arthritis: insights into innate immune regulation.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Analysis and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration characteristics in chronic spontaneous urticaria and autophagy based on machine learning.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Article
- RespiratoryFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Innate Immune Sensors and Cell Death-Frontiers Coordinating Homeostasis, Immunity, and Inflammation in Skin.Viruses · 2025Review
- Beyond the "Master" Role in Allergy: Insights into Intestinal Mast Cell Plasticity and Gastrointestinal Diseases.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Hallmarks of Periodontitis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Synovial mast cells and osteoarthritis: Current understandings and future perspectives.Heliyon · 2024Review
- The Role of Bacterial Extracellular Membrane Nanovesicles in Atherosclerosis: Unraveling a Potential Trigger.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Exploring the genetic factors behind the discrepancy in resistance to bovine tuberculosis between African zebu cattle and European taurine cattle.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genetic Changes in Mastocytes and Their Significance in Mast Cell Tumor Prognosis and Treatment.Genes · 2024Review
- Gut microbiota facilitate chronic spontaneous urticaria.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Periodontitis Continuum: Antecedents, Triggers, Mediators, and Treatment Strategies.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- MASTer cell: chief immune modulator and inductor of antimicrobial immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Interplay of Chemokines Receptors, Toll-like Receptors, and Host Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- IL-10 Modulates the Expression and Activation of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Mast Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- TNFR1 links TNF exocytosis to TNF production in allergen-activated RBL-2H3 cells.Cellular signalling · 2023Article
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 play important roles in the early innate immune response to microbial challenge. To clarify the functional roles of TLRs 2 and 4 in mast cells, we examined bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) from TLR2 or TLR4 gene-targeted mice. Peptidoglycan (PGN) from Staphylococcus aureus stimulated mast cells in a TLR2-dependent manner to produce TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13, but not IL-1beta. In contrast, LPS from Escherichia coli stimulated mast cells in a TLR4-dependent manner to produce TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-13, but not IL-4 nor IL-5. Furthermore, TLR2- but not TLR4-dependent mast cell stimulation resulted in mast cell degranulation and Ca2+ mobilization. In a mast cell-dependent model of acute sepsis, TLR4 deficiency of BMMCs in mice resulted in significantly higher mortality because of defective neutrophil recruitment and production of proinflammatory cytokines in the peritoneal cavity. Intradermal injection of PGN led to increased vasodilatation and inflammation through TLR2-dependent activation of mast cells in the skin. Taken together, these results suggest that direct activation of mast cells via TLR2 or TLR4 by respective microligands contributes to innate and allergic immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.