ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Uptake of Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia by phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells in vitro: quantitation using strains expressing green fluorescent protein.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bronchopulmonary disposition of intravenous voriconazole and anidulafungin given in combination to healthy adults.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2009Trial
- Pathogens without borders: a review on cross-kingdom transmission strategies and pathogenicity of plant and human pathogens.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Systemic Aspergillosis in Dogs: A Historical and Current State-of-the-Art Review.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Arp2/3 complex contributes to the actin-dependent uptake of Aspergillus terreus conidia by alveolar epithelial cells.PloS one · 2026Article
- Review
- Emerging Risk Factors for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Narrative Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Treatment-Related Mechanisms of Tibetan MedicineAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Piezo1 Enhances Macrophage Phagocytosis and Pyrin Activation to Ameliorate Fungal Keratitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Biological boundary conditions regulate the internalization ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Aspergillus Fumigatus Spore Proteases Alter the Respiratory Mucosa Architecture and Facilitate Equine Herpesvirus 1 Infection.Viruses · 2024Article
- Epithelial uptake leads to fungal killingiScience · 2024Article
- Effects of Probiotic Enterococcus faecium from Yak on the Intestinal Microflora and Metabolomics of Mice with Salmonella Infection.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2023Review
- Article
- Host immune responses in the central nervous system during fungal infections.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Keratinocyte Response to Infection withJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Novel Insights intoJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Expression of immune response genes in human corneal epithelial cells interacting with Aspergillus flavus conidia.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Growth ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Characterisation ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several pathogenic fungal organisms enter eukaryotic cells and manipulate the host cell environment to favor their own growth and survival. Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprophytic fungus that causes invasive lung disease in the immunocompromised host. To determine whether A. fumigatus could enter eukaryotic cells, we studied the uptake of two different GFP-expressing A. fumigatus strains into A549 lung epithelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells, and J774 murine macrophages in vitro. A549 cells internalized 30% of the bound conidia whereas HUVE and J774 cells internalized 50 and 90%, respectively. Conidia within A549 cells remained viable for 6 h; however, 60 to 80% of conidia within J774 cells were killed after only 4 h. Live and heat-killed conidia were internalized to the same extent by A549 cells. After 6 h, almost none of the conidia inside A549 cells had germinated, whereas extracellular conidia had developed germ tubes. Internalization of conidia by A549 cells was a temperature-dependent process and required rearrangement of the underlying host cell cytoskeleton; uptake was inhibited by 75% with 0.5 microM cytochalasin D and by 65% with 5 microM colchicine. Fluorescent labeling of infected A549 cells with rhodamine phalloidin provided visible evidence of cytoskeletal alteration as many of the intracellular conidia were contained in actin-coated phagosomes. These data provide evidence that significant numbers of A. fumigatus conidia can be internalized by nonprofessional phagocytes in vitro and these cells may serve as reservoirs for immune cell evasion and dissemination throughout the host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.