ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Pirfenidone blocks the in vitro and in vivo effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trials and Treatments: An Update on Pharmacotherapy for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Pirfenidone: A novel hypothetical treatment for COVID-19.Medical hypotheses · 2020Article
- Exhaled Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-A Six-Month Follow-Up Study in Patients Treated with Pirfenidone.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Combination Therapy With Polydeoxyribonucleotide and Pirfenidone Alleviates Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Human Lung Epithelial A549 Cells.International neurourology journal · 2020Article
- Commentary: Antifibrotics in COVID-19 Lung Disease: Let Us Stay Focused.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- The effects of pirfenidone on T helper cells in prevention of intraperitoneal adhesions.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2017Article
- Pirfenidone in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy.Core evidence · 2016Review
- Pirfenidone Attenuates Microglial Reactivity and Reduces Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase mRNA Expression After Kainic Acid-Mediated Excitotoxicity in Pubescent Rat Hippocampus.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2015Article
- Article
- A single dose of pirfenidone attenuates neuronal loss and reduces lipid peroxidation after kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity in the pubescent rat hippocampus.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2014Article
- The staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) family: SEB and siblings.Virulence · 2013Review
- Novel therapeutic approaches for pulmonary fibrosis.British journal of pharmacology · 2011Review
- Therapeutic down-modulators of staphylococcal superantigen-induced inflammation and toxic shock.Toxins · 2010Review
- Pirfenidone: an anti-fibrotic therapy for progressive kidney disease.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2010Review
- Pirfenidone inhibits T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine and chemokine production, and host alloresponses.Transplantation · 2009Article
- Pirfenidone modulates airway responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling after repeated challenge.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2006Article
- Bacillus anthracis edema toxin inhibits Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B effects in vitro: a potential protein therapeutic?Infection and immunity · 2005Article
- A role for the Tec family kinase ITK in regulating SEB-induced interleukin-2 production in vivo via c-jun phosphorylation.BMC immunology · 2005Article
- Post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: An ongoing concern.Annals of thoracic medicineReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pirfenidone [5-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H)-pyridone] down-regulates expression of cytokines and other mediators involved in the onset and development of pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone also inhibits production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from macrophages incubated with endotoxin and protects mice against endotoxin shock. Pirfenidone's ability to reduce cytokine expression in these disorders led us to investigate the drug's effect on another cytokine anomaly, superantigen-induced shock. BALB/c mice were exposed to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) either systemically or by aerosol and subsequently potentiated with a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide. In these experiments, pirfenidone given 2 to 4.25 h after SEB resulted in 80 to 100% survival versus only 0 to 10% survival among untreated control animals. Relative to serum cytokine levels from controls given toxin but no drug, there was a 35 to 80% decrease in TNF-alpha, interleukin 1, and other proinflammatory cytokines. In vitro experiments with human peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed that pirfenidone reduced SEB-induced cytokine levels 50 to 80% and inhibited 95% of SEB-induced T-cell proliferation. Overall, these studies demonstrated the potential utility of pirfenidone as a therapeutic against septic shock and the biological effects of SEB.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.