ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2002
The Spanish toxic oil syndrome 20 years after its onset: a multidisciplinary review of scientific knowledge.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with toxic rapeseed oil: a continuous disease?ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Drugs and toxins associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension: from established culprits to novel threats.ERJ open research · 2025Review
- Blood Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration over Four Decades After Toxic Oil Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cross-Cultural Analysis of Consumers' Avoidance of Snack Food Ingredients Across 13 Countries Using Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) Method.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Frontal-subcortical dysfunction in toxic oil syndrome: a proof-of-concept eye-tracking and cognitive study four decades after exposure.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- The safety of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Comparing Different Chemometric Approaches to Detect Adulteration of Cold-Pressed Flaxseed Oil with Refined Rapeseed Oil Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Immunologic and nonimmunologic sclerodermal skin conditions - review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The impact of toxic oil syndrome on physical and psychological health status using the HAQ and the PHQ-9 questionnaires.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Toxicity in Peripheral Nerves: An Overview.Toxics · 2021Review
- Bioactive Compounds in Edible Oils and Their Role in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Detection of olive oil adulteration with vegetable oils by ultra-performance convergence chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPCFood science & nutrition · 2020Article
- Non-Targeted Authentication Approach for Extra Virgin Olive Oil.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Environmental Xenobiotic Exposure and Autoimmunity.Current opinion in toxicology · 2018Article
- Eosinophilia.Primary care · 2016Review
- [Mass poisoning events].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2015Review
- Environment, autoantibodies, and autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
- A screening tool to prioritize public health risk associated with accidental or deliberate release of chemicals into the atmosphere.BMC public health · 2013Article
- Toxicant-associated steatohepatitis.Toxicologic pathology · 2013Review
- Criteria for environmentally associated autoimmune diseases.Journal of autoimmunity · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 1981, in Spain, the ingestion of an oil fraudulently sold as olive oil caused an outbreak of a previously unrecorded condition, later known as toxic oil syndrome (TOS), clinically characterized by intense incapacitating myalgias, marked peripheral eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates. Of the 20,000 persons affected, approximately 300 died shortly after the onset of the disease and a larger number developed chronic disease. For more than 15 years, a scientific committee supported by the World Health Organization's Regional Office for Europe and by the Institute of Health Carlos III in Madrid has guided investigation intended to identify the causal agent(s), to assess toxicity and mode of action, to establish the pathogenesis of the disease, and to detect late consequences. This report summarizes advances in research on this front. No late mortality excess has been detected. Among survivors, the prevalence of some chronic conditions (e.g., sclerodermia, neurologic changes) is high. Attempts to reproduce the condition in laboratory animals have been unsuccessful, and no condition similar to TOS has been reported in the scientific literature. Laboratory findings suggest an autoimmune mechanism for TOS, such as high levels of seric soluble interleukin-2 receptor. Epidemiologic studies integrated with chemical analyses of case-related oils have shown that the disease is strongly associated with the consumption of oils containing fatty acid esters of 3-(N-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol (PAP). These chemicals have also been found in oils synthesized under conditions simulating those hypothesized to have occurred when the toxic oil was produced in 1981. Whether PAP esters are simply markers of toxicity of oils or have the capability to induce the disease remains to be elucidated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.