ArticleJournal of virology2002
Persistent infection of human thymic epithelial cells by coxsackievirus B4.
Article in Journal of virology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- History of the Thymus: From a Vestigial Organ to the Programming of Immunological Self-Tolerance.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- The perfect storm: unraveling the interplay of genetic predisposition and viral triggers in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Persistent coxsackievirus B infection and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Coxsackievirus B4 Transplacental Infection Severely Disturbs Central Tolerogenic Mechanisms in the Fetal Thymus.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Effect of Coxsackievirus B4 Infection on the Thymus: Elucidating Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Modulation of IGF2 Expression in the Murine Thymus and Thymic Epithelial Cells Following Coxsackievirus-B4 Infection.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Housekeeping Gene Expression in the Fetal and Neonatal Murine Thymus Following Coxsackievirus B4 Infection.Genes · 2020Article
- Assessment of Thymic Output Dynamics AfterFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Review
- Transcriptomic analysis reveals that enterovirus F strain SWUN-AB001 infection activates JNK/SAPK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in MDBK cells.BMC veterinary research · 2018Article
- In-utero coxsackievirus B4 infection of the mouse thymus.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Article
- How Does Thymus Infection by Coxsackievirus Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes?Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
- Human astrocytic cells support persistent coxsackievirus B3 infection.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Coxsackievirus B4 can infect human pancreas ductal cells and persist in ductal-like cell cultures which results in inhibition of Pdx1 expression and disturbed formation of islet-like cell aggregates.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2013Article
- Programming of neuroendocrine self in the thymus and its defect in the development of neuroendocrine autoimmunity.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2013Review
- Tolerance has its limits: how the thymus copes with infection.Trends in immunology · 2013Review
- Persistent infection of thymic epithelial cells with coxsackievirus B4 results in decreased expression of type 2 insulin-like growth factor.Journal of virology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent replication of coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) E2 (diabetogenic) and CVB4 JBV (nondiabetogenic) strains in thymic epithelial cell (TEC)-enriched cultures (>or=95%) was proved by detection of positive- and negative-strand viral RNA by reverse transcription-PCR in extracted RNA from cell cultures, VP1 capsid protein detection by immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and release of infectious particles up to 30 days after infection without obvious cytolysis. By double-IF staining, cytokeratin-containing cells were shown to be susceptible to CVB4. The persistence of CVB4 was associated with a significantly increased rate of TEC proliferation (up to 70%) after 20 days of culture and a significantly increased chronic production of immunoreactive interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukemia inhibitory factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in supernatant after 3 days of culture. The CVB4 replication and the release of cytokines were not restricted to the CVB4 E2 diabetogenic strain and did not depend on the genetic background of the host; however, TEC were more responsive to CVB4 E2 than CVB4 JBV as far as the production of cytokines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.