ArticleBMC cancer2002
Methylation and silencing of the retinoic acid receptor-beta 2 gene in cervical cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Promoter Methylation Status of the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Beta 2 Gene in Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study and Systematic Review.Breast care (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Pooled it
- Utility of methylation markers in cervical cancer early detection: appraisal of the state-of-the-science.Gynecologic oncology · 2009Pooled it
- Alpha-linolenic acid-mediated epigenetic reprogramming of cervical cancer cell lines.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- The Contribution of Hippocampal All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) Deficiency to Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Overview of ATRA-Dependent Gene Expression in Post-Mortem Hippocampal Tissue.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Differential Wnt-β- catenin pathway activation in HPV positive and negative oral epithelium is transmitted during head and neck tumorigenesis: clinical implications.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Article
- Induction of HRR genes and inhibition of DNMT1 is associated with anthracycline anti-tumor antibiotic-tolerant breast carcinoma cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2019Article
- Risk Categorization with Different Grades of Cervical Pre-Neoplastic Lesions - High Risk HPV Associations and Expression of p53 and RARβAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2019Article
- Association of Retinoic Acid Receptor β Gene With Onset and Progression of Lichen Sclerosus-Associated Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.JAMA dermatology · 2018Article
- Activation of Wnt-β-catenin pathway in basal-parabasal layers of normal cervical epithelium comparable during development of uterine cervical carcinoma.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2018Article
- Recent findings on epigenetic gene abnormalities involved in uterine cancer.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2017Article
- Epigenetic basis of cancer health disparities: Looking beyond genetic differences.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2017Review
- DNA Methylation of Cellular Retinoic Acid-Binding Proteins in Cervical Cancer.Genetics & epigenetics · 2016Article
- Human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein upregulates the retinoic acid receptor-beta expression in cervical cancer cell lines and K14E7 transgenic mice.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2015Article
- Inactivation of PTCH1 is associated with the development of cervical carcinoma: clinical and prognostic implication.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Article
- Methylated Host Cell Gene Promoters and Human Papillomavirus Type 16 and 18 Predicting Cervical Lesions and Cancer.PloS one · 2015Article
- Sulforaphane Reverses the Expression of Various Tumor Suppressor Genes by Targeting DNMT3B and HDAC1 in Human Cervical Cancer Cells.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Article
- Epigenetic alteration of p16 and retinoic acid receptor beta genes in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Article
- Epigenetics and cervical cancer: from pathogenesis to therapy.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Review
- Frequent alterations of LOH11CR2A, PIG8 and CHEK1 genes at chromosomal 11q24.1-24.2 region in breast carcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications.Molecular oncology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExpression of the retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RAR-beta2), a putative tumor suppressor gene, is reduced in various human cancers, including squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the uterine cervix. The mechanism of the inhibition of RAR-beta2 expression remains obscure. We examined whether methylation of RAR-beta2 gene could be responsible for this silencing in cervical SCC.
methodsExpression of RAR-beta2 mRNA and methylation status of the 5' region of RAR-beta2 gene were examined in 20 matched specimens from patients with cervical SCC and in three cervical cancer cell lines by Northern blot analysis and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assay or Southern blot analysis respectively.
resultsIn 8 out 20 cervical SCC (40%) the levels of RAR-beta2 mRNA were decreased or undetectable in comparison with non-neoplastic cervix tissues. All 8 tumors with reduced levels of RAR-beta2 mRNA expression showed methylation of the promoter and the first exon expressed in the RAR-beta2 transcript. The RAR-beta2 gene from non-neoplastic cervical tissues was mostly unmethylated and expressed, but methylated alleles of the gene were found in three samples of the morphologically normal tissues adjacent to the tumors. Three cervical cancer cell lines with extremely low level of RAR-beta2 mRNA expression, SiHA, HeLA and CaSki, also showed methylation of this region of the RAR-beta2 gene.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that methylation of the 5' region of RAR-beta2 gene may contribute to gene silencing and that methylation of this region may be an important and early event in cervical carcinogenesis. These findings may be useful to make retinoids more effective as preventive and therapeutic agents in combination with inhibitors of DNA methylation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.