ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2002
Detection by reverse transcription-PCR and genetic characterization of field isolates of swine hepatitis E virus from pigs in different geographic regions of the United States.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers.
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Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed.
- First Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Wastewater in Costa Rica.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- HEV replication is promoted by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway through inhibiting FLNa expression.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Viral RNA detections of enteric pathogens from caprine raw milk in Central Italy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Detection and Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pathological Characteristics of Pregnant Tree Shrews Infected by Zoonotic Hepatitis E Virus Genotype and the Effect of Estrogen on Virus Replication.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Uncovering the Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Rabbit-Derived Paslahepevirus Balayani (Hepatitis E Virus) in Hebei Province, China.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Water-Based Epidemiological Investigation of Hepatitis E Virus in South Africa.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- A Broad-specificity Neutralizing Nanobody against Hepatitis E Virus Capsid Protein.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Hepatitis E outbreak in the health district of Bocaranga-Koui, Central African Republic, 2018-2019.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Investigating animal reservoirs for hepatitis E virus in Bangui, Central African Republic.PloS one · 2024Article
- High Incidence of Acute Liver Failure among Patients in Egypt Coinfected with Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Viruses.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Virome Profiling of Chickens with Hepatomegaly Rupture Syndrome Reveals Coinfection of Multiple Viruses.Viruses · 2023Article
- Serological and genetic diversity of hepatitis E virus among rabbits population in Egypt.Open veterinary journal · 2023Article
- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Spreads from Pigs and Sheep in Mongolia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Molecular and serological investigation of Hepatitis E virus in pigs slaughtered in Northwestern Italy.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- A Randomized Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Serological Survey of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Belgian Pig Farms.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV): Identification of Subtypes 3b and 3m in Wild Boar Population in Liguria Region, Italy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Status of anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies among the hemodialysis patients in southwest region of Iran.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2022Article
- Survey of hepatitis E virus in pork products and pig stools in Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important public health concern in many developing countries. HEV is also endemic in some industrialized counties, including the United States. With our recent discovery of swine HEV in pigs that is genetically closely related to human HEV, hepatitis E is now considered a zoonotic disease. Human strains of HEV are genetically heterogenic. So far in the United States, only one strain of swine HEV has been identified and characterized from a pig. To determine the extent of genetic variations and the nature of swine HEV infections in U.S. pigs, we developed a universal reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay that is capable of detecting genetically divergent strains of HEV. By using this universal RT-PCR assay, we tested fecal and serum samples of pigs of 2 to 4 months of age from 37 different U.S. swine farms for the presence of swine HEV RNA. Thirty-four of the 96 pigs (35%) and 20 of the 37 swine herds (54%) tested were positive for swine HEV RNA. The sequences of a 348-bp region within the ORF2 gene of 27 swine HEV isolates from different geographic regions were determined. Sequence analyses revealed that the 27 U.S. swine HEV isolates shared 88 to 100% nucleotide sequence identities with each other and 89 to 98% identities with the prototype U.S. strain of swine HEV. These U.S. swine HEV isolates are only distantly related to the Taiwanese strains of swine HEV, with about 74 to 78% nucleotide sequence identities; to most known human strains of HEV worldwide, with <79% sequence identities; and to avian HEV, with 54 to 56% sequence identities. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the U.S. swine HEV isolates identified in this study clustered in the same genotype with the prototype U.S. swine HEV and the two U.S. strains of human HEV. The data from this study indicated that swine HEV is widespread and enzoonotic in U.S. swine herds and that, as is with human HEV, swine HEV isolates from different geographic regions of the world are also genetically heterogenic. These data further raise potential concerns for zoonosis, xenozoonosis, and food safety.
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