ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2002
How dangerous is food allergy in childhood? The incidence of severe and fatal allergic reactions across the UK and Ireland.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 271 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of Fatal Anaphylaxis: A Systematic Review.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Fatal food anaphylaxis in adults and children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Review
- Review
- Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis: concise clinical guidance.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2022Article
- Food allergic reactions during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Israeli children.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2021Article
- Evidence update for the treatment of anaphylaxis.Resuscitation · 2021Review
- Consensus on DEfinition of Food Allergy SEverity (DEFASE) an integrated mixed methods systematic review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2021Review
- Prevalence of IgE-mediated sensitization in patients with suspected food allergic reactions in Jordan.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2020Article
- Underuse of Epinephrine for Pediatric Anaphylaxis Victims in the Emergency Department: A Population-based Study.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2019Article
- Anaphylaxis after vaccination reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, 1990-2016.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Article
- IgE-Mediated Systemic Anaphylaxis And Its Association With Gene Polymorphisms Of ACE, Angiotensinogen And Chymase.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2019Article
- IgE-mediated food allergy.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2018Review
- Food-induced anaphylaxis and cofactors - data from the anaphylaxis registry.Allergologie select · 2017Article
- Repeat oral food challenges in peanut and tree nut allergic children with a history of mild/moderate reactions.Asia Pacific allergy · 2015Article
- CSACI position statement: epinephrine auto-injectors and children < 15 kg.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2015Review
- Food allergy prevalence: new possibilities for therapy and prevention.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2012Review
- Food-induced anaphylaxis.Immunology and allergy clinics of North America · 2012Article
- Food allergy.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo discover the incidence of fatal and severe allergic reactions to food in a large population of children.
methodsA retrospective search for fatalities in children 0-15 years from 1990 to February 1998, primarily of death certification at offices of national statistics. A prospective survey of fatal and severe reactions from March 1998 to February 2000, primarily through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit.
main outcome measureswere deaths and severe reactions. A case was deemed severe if one or more of the following criteria was met: cardiorespiratory arrest; need for inotropic support; fluid bolus >20 ml/kg; more than one dose of epinephrine; more than one dose of nebulised bronchodilator. A case was deemed near fatal if intubation was necessary.
resultsThe UK under 16 population is 13 million. Over the past 10 years, eight children died (incidence of 0.006 deaths per 100 000 children 0-15 years per year). Milk caused four of the deaths. No child under 13 died from peanut allergy. Two children died despite receiving early epinephrine before admission to hospital; one child with a mild food allergic reaction died from epinephrine overdose. Over the past two years, there were six near fatal reactions (none caused by peanut) and 49 severe ones (10 caused by peanut), yielding incidences of 0.02 and 0.19 per 100 000 children 0-15 years per year respectively. Coexisting asthma is more strongly associated with a severe reaction than the severity of previous reactions.
conclusionsIf 5% of the child population have food allergy, the risk that a food allergic child will die from a food allergic reaction is about 1 in 800 000 per year. The food allergic child with asthma may be at higher risk. Prescribing an epinephrine autoinjector requires a careful balance of advantages and disadvantages.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.