Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11916939›Full record

ArticleDiabetes2002

Increased urinary albumin excretion, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes: progressive, interrelated, and independently associated with risk of death.

Coen D A Stehouwer, Mari-Anne Gall, Jos W R Twisk, Elisabeth Knudsen, Jef J Emeis, Hans-Henrik Parving

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01524705 (FLAT-SUGAR), which is not on this map. Cited by 214 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
214citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
23.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01524705 phase4completedstarted 2012, after this paper: background citation

FLAT-SUGAR: FLuctuATion Reduction With inSULin and Glp-1 Added togetheR

Ran2012Enrolled102Registered outcomes4Posted comparisons3ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsexenatide, Insulin glargine, Metformin, Prandial insulin
PMID 19092145PMID 27208320PMID 11466120PMID 15251625PMID 15326314PMID 15857227PMID 15897298PMID 15939816PMID 12765959PMID 12716809PMID 12711737PMID 11865066other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

214 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 654 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cognition: A two-step IPD meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
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  19. Inflammation and Immune Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026
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154 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Coen D A StehouwerDepartment of Internal Medicine and Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. cda.stehouwer@vumc.nl
Mari-Anne Gall
Jos W R Twisk
Elisabeth Knudsen
Jef J Emeis
Hans-Henrik Parving
Steno Diabetes Center · DKVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 328 type 2 diabetic patients followed for 9.0 years (mean), we investigated whether endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation (estimated from plasma markers) can explain the association between (micro)albuminuria and mortality. Of the patients, 113 died. Mortality was increased in patients with baseline microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria (odds ratios as compared with normoalbuminuria, 1.78 [P < 0.05] and 2.86 [P < 0.01]) and in patients with soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in the third tertile and C-reactive protein in the second and third tertiles (odds ratios as compared with the first tertile, 2.05 [ P < 0.01], and 1.80 [P < 0.05] and 2.92 [ P < 0.01]). These associations were mutually independent. The mean yearly change in urinary albumin excretion was 9.4%; in von Willebrand factor, 8.1%; in tissue-type plasminogen activator, 2.8%; in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, 5.2%; in soluble E-selectin, -2.3%; in C-reactive protein, 3.8%; and in fibrinogen, 2.3%. The longitudinal development of urinary albumin excretion was significantly and independently determined by baseline levels of and the longitudinal development of BMI, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, glycated hemoglobin and plasma von Willebrand factor (baseline only), soluble E-selectin (baseline only), tissue-type plasminogen activator, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen. The longitudinal developments of markers of endothelial function and inflammation were interrelated. In type 2 diabetes, increased urinary albumin excretion, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation are interrelated processes that develop in parallel, progress with time, and are strongly and independently associated with risk of death.

Indexed as

AlbuminuriaBiomarkersBlood PressureCholesterolCholesterol, HDLC-Reactive ProteinCreatinineDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Endothelium, VascularE-SelectinFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansInflammationMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersCholesterolCholesterol, HDLC-Reactive ProteinCreatinineE-SelectinGlycated HemoglobinTissue Plasminogen ActivatorVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1von Willebrand Factor

Identifiers

PMID11916939
OpenAlexW2171285048

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.