ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Transmission intensity affects both antigen-specific and nonspecific T-cell proliferative responses in Loa loa infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microfilaremic loiasis is associated with T cell hyporesponsiveness against SARS-CoV-2.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- The Human FilariaResearch and reports in tropical medicine · 2022Review
- Comparison of immune responses to Loa loa stage-specific antigen extracts in Loa loa-exposed BALB/c mice upon clearance of infection.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Filarial infection modulates the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis through expansion of CD4+ IL-4 memory T cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
- A murine macrofilaricide pre-clinical screening model for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis.Parasites & vectors · 2014Article
- Impact of filarial infections on coincident intracellular pathogens: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
T-cell proliferative responses were studied in two villages in Gabon with different levels of Loa loa transmission. The first village (Okoumbi) had an annual transmission potential (ATP) of approximately 9,000 infective larvae (L3)/person/year (high transmission village), while the second village (Ndjokaye) had an ATP of approximately 1,000 L3/person/year (low transmission village). Proliferation and cytokine assays were performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals aged 18 years and over using either mitogens (concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin), antigens (purified protein derivative [PPD], irrelevant antigen), or soluble extracts of L3, microfilariae, or adult L. loa. PBMC from individuals in the low transmission village responded better to stimulation with adult antigen and to PPD than did PBMC from individuals in the high transmission village (P = 0.0031 and P = 0.0012, respectively). These data suggest that high levels of transmission of L. loa depress both specific and nonspecific T-cell proliferative responses in infected humans.
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