ArticleThe journal of gene medicine
High-level gene transfer to the cornea using electroporation.
Article in The journal of gene medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- External stimuli-responsive drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- Genetic Basis of Non-Syndromic Childhood Glaucoma Associated with Anterior Segment Dysgenesis: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- In Vivo and Ex Vivo Gene Electrotransfer in Ophthalmological Disorders.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Gene Therapy in the Anterior Eye Segment.Current gene therapy · 2022Review
- Gene Therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- A Critical Review of Electroporation as A Plasmid Delivery System in Mouse Skeletal Muscle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- CRISPR/Cas9 DNA cleavage at SNP-derived PAM enables both in vitro and in vivo KRT12 mutation-specific targeting.Gene therapy · 2016Article
- Gene Electrotransfer: A Mechanistic Perspective.Current gene therapy · 2016Review
- Improved Specificity of Gene Electrotransfer to Skin Using pDNA Under the Control of Collagen Tissue-Specific Promoter.The Journal of membrane biology · 2015Article
- Physical energy for drug delivery; poration, concentration and activation.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2014Review
- Cell-specific targeting strategies for electroporation-mediated gene delivery in cells and animals.The Journal of membrane biology · 2013Review
- Harnessing DNA-induced immune responses for improving cancer vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2012Review
- Systematic assessment of microneedle injection into the mouse cornea.European journal of medical research · 2012Article
- Article
- Duration and level of transgene expression after gene electrotransfer to skin in mice.Gene therapy · 2010Article
- Gene delivery to cornea.Brain research bulletin · 2010Review
- Electrically assisted delivery of macromolecules into the corneal epithelium.Experimental eye research · 2009Article
- Physical methods of nucleic acid transfer: general concepts and applications.British journal of pharmacology · 2009Review
- Examination of barriers and barrier alteration in transscleral iontophoresis.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2008Article
- Gene transfer of interleukin 10 to the murine cornea using electroporation.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMethods for gene transfer to the cornea that yield high-level expression without inflammation or trauma are currently lacking. Because electroporation has proven effective for gene transfer in other tissues in terms of expression levels and safety, this study quantitatively evaluated its use in the cornea.
methodsTo evaluate the use of electroporation in the mouse cornea, plasmids expressing either luciferase or green fluorescent protein were injected intracorneally or subconjunctivally and square-wave electric pulses were immediately applied to the eyes. Gene expression was quantified at later times and trauma and inflammation were monitored visually and by measuring interleukin-6 (IL-6) production.
resultsThe application of electric pulses to eyes injected with plasmid resulted in nanogram levels of gene product expression. At an optimal field strength of 200 V/cm, no trauma, corneal edema or inflammation was observed. However, at higher field strengths, corneal damage was detected. Compared with injection of DNA alone, up to 1000-fold more gene product was produced using electroporation. Expression was detected as early as 6 h post-electroporation, remained high for 3 days, and decreased by 7 days. Gene expression was detected over the entire surface of the cornea in both epithelial and stromal layers.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate that electroporation is an excellent method for delivering genes to multiple cell layers within the mouse cornea and that it results in extremely high levels of gene expression with little, if any, inflammatory response or tissue damage, making this a very useful technique for corneal gene transfer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.