Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11796601›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2002

Improved immunogenicity and efficacy of the recombinant 19-kilodalton merozoite surface protein 1 by the addition of oligodeoxynucleotide and aluminum hydroxide gel in a murine malaria vaccine model.

Karen A Near, Anthony W Stowers, Dragana Jankovic, David C Kaslow

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Expression of FMD virus-like particles in yeastJournal of veterinary science · 2023
    Article
  2. Vaccines · 2021
    Review
  3. Article
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  7. Optimal seasonal timing of oral azithromycin for malaria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2014
    Article
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  19. Innate immunity to malaria.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2004
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Karen A NearLaboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0425, USA. knear@niaid.nih.gov
Anthony W Stowers
Dragana Jankovic
David C Kaslow
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccination of mice with yeast-secreted Plasmodium yoelii-derived 19-kilodalton merozoite surface protein 1 (yMSP1(19)) has been shown to afford protection from challenge with a lethal strain of P. yoelii. Sterile immunity can be achieved when MSP1(19) is emulsified in Freund adjuvant but not when it is adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide gel (alum). Because complete Freund adjuvant is not an acceptable adjuvant for use in humans, alternative adjuvants must be identified for formulating MSP1(19) as a vaccine for use in humans. To determine whether oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs (ODN), reported to be a powerful new class of adjuvants, could enhance the immunogenicity of yMSP1(19), C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated either with yMSP1(19) formulated with Freund adjuvant, with alum, or with ODN plus alum and challenged intravenously with P. yoelii 17XL asexual blood-stage parasites. Adsorption of immunogen and adjuvant to alum was optimized by adjusting buffer (phosphate versus acetate) and pH. We found that the adjuvant combination of ODN plus alum with yMSP1(19), injected intraperitoneally (i.p.), increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) yMSP1(19)-specific antibody production 12-fold over Freund adjuvant given i.p., 3-fold over Freund adjuvant given subcutaneously (s.c.), 300-fold over alum given i.p., and 48-fold over alum given s.c. The predominant antibody isotype in the group receiving alum-ODN-yMSP1(19) was IgG1. Increased antibody levels correlated to protection from a challenge with P. yoelii 17XL. Supernatant cytokine levels of gamma interferon in yMSP1(19)-stimulated splenocytes were dramatically elevated in the alum-ODN-yMSP1(19) group. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were also elevated; however, no IL-5 was detected. The cytokine profile, as well as the predominant IgG1 antibody isotype, suggests the protective immune response was a mixed Th1/Th2 response.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAluminum HydroxideAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanCpG IslandsDisease Models, AnimalGelsImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin IsotypesMalariaMalaria VaccinesMerozoite Surface Protein 1MiceMice, Inbred C57BLOligodeoxyribonucleotidesPlasmodium yoeliiAdjuvants, ImmunologicAluminum HydroxideAntibodies, ProtozoanCPG-oligonucleotideGelsImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin IsotypesMalaria VaccinesMerozoite Surface Protein 1OligodeoxyribonucleotidesVaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID11796601
PMCPMC127724
OpenAlexW1964077441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.