ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2002
Effect of prolonged treatment with azithromycin, clarithromycin, or levofloxacin on Chlamydia pneumoniae in a continuous-infection Model.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Network Meta-analysis of the Cardiovascular Safety of Macrolides.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Adoption of an in-silico analysis approach to assess the functional and structural impacts of rpoB-encoded protein mutations on Chlamydia pneumoniae sensitivity to antibiotics.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Administration of macrolide antibiotics increases cardiovascular risk.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Comparison of In Vitro Chlamydia muridarum Infection Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions.Current microbiology · 2020Article
- Azithromycin decreases Chlamydia pneumoniae-mediated Interleukin-4 responses but not Immunoglobulin E responses.PloS one · 2020Article
- Lead Discovery Strategies for Identification of Chlamydia pneumoniae Inhibitors.Microorganisms · 2016Review
- Article
- Combination therapy with ampicillin and azithromycin in an experimental pneumococcal pneumonia is bactericidal and effective in down regulating inflammation in mice.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2014Article
- Persistent C. pneumoniae infection in atherosclerotic lesions: rethinking the clinical trials.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Review
- Antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties of azithromycin treatment implications for periodontitis.Inflammopharmacology · 2013Review
- Macrolides: from in vitro anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties to clinical practice in respiratory diseases.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Review
- Antibiotic resistance in Chlamydiae.Future microbiology · 2010Review
- Chlamydial zoonoses.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2010Review
- The role of antibiotics in asthma.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2007Review
- Frequency of spontaneous mutations that confer antibiotic resistance in Chlamydia spp.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2005Article
- Chlamydia inhibit host cell apoptosis by degradation of proapoptotic BH3-only proteins.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2004Article
- Genetic and culture-based approaches for detecting macrolide resistance in Chlamydia pneumoniae.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2004Article
- Comparison of quantitative and semiquantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for immunoglobulin G against Chlamydophila pneumoniae to a microimmunofluorescence test for use with patients with respiratory tract infections.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2004Article
- Chlamydia pneumoniae resists antibiotics in lymphocytes.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae have been implicated in the development of chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and asthma. Although azithromycin, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin are frequently used for the treatment of respiratory C. pneumoniae infections, little is known about the dose and duration of therapy needed to treat a putative chronic C. pneumoniae infection. In this study, we investigated the effect of prolonged treatment with azithromycin, clarithromycin, or levofloxacin on the viability of C. pneumoniae and cytokine production in an in vitro model of continuous infection. We found that a 30-day treatment with azithromycin, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin at concentrations comparable to those achieved in the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid reduced but did not eliminate C. pneumoniae in continuously infected HEp-2 cells. All three antibiotics decreased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in HEp-2 cells, but this effect appeared to be secondary to the antichlamydial activity, as the cytokine levels correlated with the concentrations of microorganisms. The levels of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma interferon were too low to assess the effect of antibiotics. These data suggest that the dosage and duration of antibiotic therapy currently being used may not be sufficient to eradicate a putative chronic C. pneumoniae infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.