ArticleGut2002
Influence of clinical factors, diet, and drugs on the human upper gastrointestinal glutathione system.
Article in Gut, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Glutathione Contributes to Caloric Restriction-Triggered Shift in Taurine Homeostasis.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Sex differences in drug effects and/or toxicity in oncology.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2023Article
- Alteration of benzo(a)pyrene biotransformation by resveratrol in ApcInvestigational new drugs · 2019Article
- The differences in bioaccumulation and effects between Se(IV) and Se(VI) in the topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- GSTA1 diplotypes affect busulfan clearance and toxicity in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter study.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Predictive value of selected biomarkers related to metabolism and oxidative stress in children with autism spectrum disorder.Metabolic brain disease · 2017Article
- A consensus statement on the gender perspective in lung cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2017Review
- Oxidative stress: an essential factor in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal mucosal diseases.Physiological reviews · 2014Review
- Disparities of conjugating protective enzyme activities in the colon of patients with adenomas and carcinomas.World journal of gastroenterology · 2013Article
- Current status and emerging role of glutathione in food grade lactic acid bacteria.Microbial cell factories · 2012Review
- Association between gastric mucosal glutathione-S-transferase activity, glutathione-S-transferase gene polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2011Article
- Two-dimensional gel proteome reference map of human small intestine.Proteome science · 2009Article
- Differential effects of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum strain Patronus and metronidazole in the rat gut.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2009Article
- Induction of hepatic glutathione S-transferases in male mice by prototypes of various classes of microsomal enzyme inducers.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2008Article
- Elevated nitric oxide and 3',5' cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2008Article
- Immune response, ciprofloxacin activity, and gender differences after human experimental challenge by two strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Potential role of flavonoids in the prevention of intestinal neoplasia: a review of their mode of action and their clinical perspectives.International journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2005Review
- Homocysteine, cysteine, and glutathione in human colonic mucosa: elevated levels of homocysteine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlutathione (GSH) and the cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) protect the gastrointestinal mucosa against the toxic effects of a wide variety of compounds, such as reactive oxygen species and electrophiles.
aimsWe wished to investigate the distribution along the upper gastrointestinal mucosa and the influence of clinical variables on components of the GSH system to learn more about factors which control its cytoprotective properties.
methodsAntral and duodenal biopsies of normal appearing mucosa were collected from 202 patients (104 males, 98 females; mean age 62 years) undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. GSH content was examined by high pressure liquid chromatography, GST enzyme activity by 1-chloro-, 2, 4-dinitrobenzene conjugation, and levels of the GST classes alpha, pi, and theta by western blot.
resultsGSH, GST enzyme activity, and GST alpha levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in the antrum than in the duodenum (antrum v duodenum: GSH 23.0 (0.7) v 35.0 (1.0) nmol/mg protein; GST activity 626 (19) v 832 (22) nmol/mg protein/min; GST alpha 4.5 (0.5) v 20.0 (0.7) microg/mg protein) while GST pi content was significantly higher (p<0.001) in antral than in duodenal biopsies (16.5 (0.7) v 11.2 (0.5) microg/mg protein). Antral GSH and GST activities were markedly lower in males compared with females (p<0.01). Some drugs (cisapride, diuretics, cortisol, analgesics) increased GST pi and GST alpha content but cytostatic drugs suppressed duodenal GST activity. High intake (>3 days a week) of vegetables enhanced duodenal GST alpha and GST pi and high intake of fruits the antral content of GST theta 1.
conclusionsThe gastrointestinal GSH system represents the antitoxic barrier of the mucosa; its activity is influenced by localisation, sex, and drugs, and its enzymes are stimulated by a high intake of vegetables and fruits.
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