ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2002
Inhibition of natural killer cells through engagement of CD81 by the major hepatitis C virus envelope protein.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 455 citations in OpenAlex.
- No association between hepatitis C virus infection and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Altered Immune Profiles of Natural Killer Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Hepatitis C hypervariable region 1: association of reduced selection pressure in african americans with treatment failure.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2007Trial
- A game of hide-and-seek: how extracellular vesicles evade the immune system.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Validation of signature molecular profiles of advanced HCV liver disease in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Virus research · 2025Article
- The Malignant Transformation of Viral Hepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Interventions.MedComm · 2025Review
- Contemporary Insights into Hepatitis C Virus: A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Dark under the Lamp: Neglected Biological Pollutants in the Environment Are Closely Linked to Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Role of Endorphins in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Recovery.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Article
- Carcinogenic mechanisms of virus-associated lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Hepatitis Viruses Control Host Immune Responses by Modifying the Exosomal Biogenesis Pathway and Cargo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Article
- Modified E2 Glycoprotein of Hepatitis C Virus Enhances Proinflammatory Cytokines and Protective Immune Response.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Antibody Responses in Hepatitis C Infection.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- A juggernaut of innate & adaptive immune cells in chronic hepatitis C.The Indian journal of medical research · 2020Review
- Pathogenesis of Viral Hepatitis-Induced Chronic Liver Disease: Role of Extracellular Vesicles.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- DNAM-1 Activating Receptor and Its Ligands: How Do Viruses Affect the NK Cell-Mediated Immune Surveillance during the Various Phases of Infection?International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Functional paralysis of human natural killer cells by alphaherpesviruses.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immune response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) is rarely effective at clearing the virus, resulting in approximately 170 million chronic HCV infections worldwide. Here we report that ligation of an HCV receptor (CD81) inhibits natural killer (NK) cells. Cross-linking of CD81 by the major envelope protein of HCV (HCV-E2) or anti-CD81 antibodies blocks NK cell activation, cytokine production, cytotoxic granule release, and proliferation. This inhibitory effect was observed using both activated and resting NK cells. Conversely, on NK-like T cell clones, including those expressing NK cell inhibitory receptors, CD81 ligation delivered a costimulatory signal. Engagement of CD81 on NK cells blocks tyrosine phosphorylation through a mechanism which is distinct from the negative signaling pathways associated with NK cell inhibitory receptors for major histocompatibility complex class I. These results implicate HCV-E2-mediated inhibition of NK cells as an efficient HCV evasion strategy targeting the early antiviral activities of NK cells and allowing the virus to establish itself as a chronic infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.