ArticleJournal of virology2002
Viral dynamics during structured treatment interruptions of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic unsuppressed HIV infection in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Lack of longitudinal intrapatient correlation between p24 antigenemia and levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA in patients with chronic hiv infection during structured treatment interruptions.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2004Trial
- Pro-inflammatory macrophages suppress HIV replication in humanized mice andFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Experiences of transfer of care among postpartum women living with HIV attending primary healthcare services in South Africa.Global public health · 2024Article
- The revolving door of HIV care: Revising the service delivery cascade to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals.PLoS medicine · 2021Article
- Positive feedback through inflammation creates bistable behavior in HIV tissue sanctuaries.Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference. American Control Conference · 2019Article
- Differentiation and Function of Follicular CD8 T Cells During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- HIV-1 persistence following extremely early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV-1 infection: An observational study.PLoS medicine · 2017Observational
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Playing Hide-and-Seek: Understanding the TFrontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Antiretroviral-free HIV-1 remission and viral rebound after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: report of 2 cases.Annals of internal medicine · 2014Article
- Spatial modeling of HIV cryptic viremia and 2-LTR formation during raltegravir intensification.Journal of theoretical biology · 2014Article
- Stochastic model of in-vivo X4 emergence during HIV infection: implications for the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc.PloS one · 2012Article
- Nonlinear observer output-feedback MPC treatment scheduling for HIV.Biomedical engineering online · 2011Article
- CD4+ T-cell decline after the interruption of antiretroviral therapy in ACTG A5170 is predicted by differential expression of genes in the ras signaling pathway.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2008Article
- Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its impact on clinical outcome in HIV-infected patients.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2005Article
- Phenotypic hypersusceptibility to multiple protease inhibitors and low replicative capacity in patients who are chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- A case of multiorgan failure following interruption of antiretroviral treatment.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although antiviral agents which block human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication can result in long-term suppression of viral loads to undetectable levels in plasma, long-term therapy fails to eradicate virus, which generally rebounds after a single treatment interruption. Multiple structured treatment interruptions (STIs) have been suggested as a possible strategy that may boost HIV-specific immune responses and control viral replication. We analyze viral dynamics during four consecutive STI cycles in 12 chronically infected patients with a history (>2 years) of viral suppression under highly active antiretroviral therapy. We fitted a simple model of viral rebound to the viral load data from each patient by using a novel statistical approach that allows us to overcome problems of estimating viral dynamics parameters when there are many viral load measurements below the limit of detection. There is an approximate halving of the average viral growth rate between the first and fourth STI cycles, yet the average time between treatment interruption and detection of viral loads in the plasma is approximately the same in the first and fourth interruptions. We hypothesize that reseeding of viral reservoirs during treatment interruptions can account for this discrepancy, although factors such as stochastic effects and the strength of HIV-specific immune responses may also affect the time to viral rebound. We also demonstrate spontaneous drops in viral load in later STIs, which reflect fluctuations in the rates of viral production and/or clearance that may be caused by a complex interaction between virus and target cells and/or immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.