ArticleJournal of virology2002
Evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vivo in CD14(+) monocytes and its potential role as a source of virus in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Article in Journal of virology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 295 citations in OpenAlex.
- The HIV-1 reservoir in eight patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy is stable with few genetic changes over time.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Trial
- Mutation of HIV-1 genomes in a clinical population treated with the mutagenic nucleoside KP1461.PloS one · 2011Trial
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- Productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in peripheral blood predominantly takes place in CD4/CD8 double-negative T lymphocytes.Journal of virology · 2007Trial
- Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptor usage during antiretroviral Therapy: a Bayesian approach.Journal of virology · 2004Trial
- Bloom syndrome helicase is required for efficient HIV-1 reverse transcription in macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Monocytes across life span in HIV infection: lights and shadows.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Immune Alterations and Viral Reservoir Atlas in SIV-Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Intact HIV Reservoir in Monocytes Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Virally Suppressed Women With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization of HIV-1 near-full-length proviral quasispecies in monocytes from patients across different virological responses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic study reveals alteration in the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) during reversal of HIV-1 latency in monocytic cell line.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- The combination of three CD4-induced antibodies targeting highly conserved Env regions with a small CD4-mimetic achieves potent ADCC activity.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- New Therapies and Strategies to Curb HIV Infections with a Focus on Macrophages and Reservoirs.Viruses · 2024Review
- CD3bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The combination of three CD4-induced antibodies targeting highly conserved Env regions with a small CD4-mimetic achieves potent ADCC activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Myeloid Reservoirs - Contributors to Viral Persistence and Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Peripheral blood biomarkers predict viral rebound following antiretroviral therapy discontinuation in SIV-infected, early ART-treated rhesus macaques.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Disease of Oropharyngeal Mucosal Epithelium.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Monocyte-derived macrophages contain persistent latent HIV reservoirs.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In vitro studies show that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not replicate in freshly isolated monocytes unless monocytes differentiate to monocyte-derived macrophages. Similarly, HIV-1 may replicate in macrophages in vivo, whereas it is unclear whether blood monocytes are permissive to productive infection with HIV-1. We investigated HIV-1 replication in CD14(+) monocytes and resting and activated CD4(+) T cells by measuring the levels of cell-associated viral DNA and mRNA and the genetic evolution of HIV-1 in seven acutely infected patients whose plasma viremia had been <100 copies/ml for 803 to 1,544 days during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HIV-1 DNA was detected in CD14(+) monocytes as well as in activated and resting CD4(+) T cells throughout the course of study. While significant variation in the decay slopes of HIV-1 DNA was seen among individual patients, viral decay in CD14(+) monocytes was on average slower than that in activated and resting CD4(+) T cells. Measurements of HIV-1 sequence evolution and the concentrations of unspliced and multiply spliced mRNA provided evidence of ongoing HIV-1 replication, more pronounced in CD14(+) monocytes than in resting CD4(+) T cells. Phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 sequences indicated that after prolonged HAART, viral populations related or identical to those found only in CD14(+) monocytes were seen in plasma from three of the seven patients. In the other four patients, HIV-1 sequences in plasma and the three cell populations were identical. CD14(+) monocytes appear to be one of the potential in vivo sources of HIV-1 in patients receiving HAART.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.