ArticleInfection and immunity2002
Central importance of immunoglobulin A in host defense against Giardia spp.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 197 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin A supplementation modifies the association between mucosal innate and adaptive immune responses and resolution of enteric pathogen infections.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2011Trial
- Interaction of zinc or vitamin A supplementation and specific parasite infections on Mexican infants' growth: a randomized clinical trial.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2009Trial
- Gastrointestinal germinal center B cell depletion and reduction in IgAScience immunology · 2024Article
- The Influence of the ProtozoanInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Mucosal vaccination in a murine gnotobiotic model ofInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Respiratory allergy symptoms and cytokine profiles in the presence of anti-Ascaris antibody in Giardia lamblia-infected children.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Ultrastructural changes and IgA modulatory effect of commercial prebiotic and probiotic in murine giardiasis.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2023Article
- Application of Proteomics to the Study of the Therapeutics and Pathogenicity ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Conserved metabolic enzymes as vaccine antigens for giardiasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Age andMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Update on Infections in Primary Antibody Deficiencies.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- The compact genome ofMicrobial genomics · 2020Article
- Review
- Recent advances in functional research in Giardia intestinalis.Advances in parasitology · 2020Review
- RORγtScientific reports · 2019Article
- The clinical implications of selective IgA deficiency.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2019Review
- ILC2 Activation by Protozoan Commensal Microbes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Identification of Conserved Candidate Vaccine Antigens in the Surface Proteome of Giardia lamblia.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Antibiotic treatment-induced secondary IgA deficiency enhances susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The protozoan pathogen Giardia is an important cause of parasitic diarrheal disease worldwide. It colonizes the lumen of the small intestine, suggesting that effective host defenses must act luminally. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies are presumed to be important for controlling Giardia infection, but direct evidence for this function is lacking. B-cell-independent effector mechanisms also exist and may be equally important for antigiardial host defense. To determine the importance of the immunoglobulin isotypes that are transported into the intestinal lumen, IgA and IgM, for antigiardial host defense, we infected gene-targeted mice lacking IgA-expressing B-cells, IgM-secreting B-cells, or all B-cells as controls with Giardia muris or Giardia lamblia GS/M-83-H7. We found that IgA-deficient mice could not eradicate either G. muris or G. lamblia infection, demonstrating that IgA is required for their clearance. Furthermore, although neither B-cell-deficient nor IgA-deficient mice could clear G. muris infections, IgA-deficient mice controlled infection significantly better than B-cell-deficient mice, suggesting the existence of B-cell-dependent but IgA-independent antigiardial defenses. In contrast, mice deficient for secreted IgM antibodies cleared G. muris infection normally, indicating that they have no unique functions in antigiardial host defense. These data, together with the finding that B-cell-deficient mice have some, albeit limited, residual capacity to control G. muris infection, show that IgA-dependent host defenses are central for eradicating Giardia spp. Moreover, B-cell-dependent but IgA-independent and B-cell-independent antigiardial host defenses exist but are less important for controlling infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.